The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 27/482 rex m. 44d |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Essex |
| Published source (may be more than one) | Part translation: J. A. Sparvel-Bayley, 'Essex in Insurrection, 1381', TEAS 1 (1878), pp. 214-5. |
| Text in Original Language | Essex. Alias coram Roberto Tresilian et sociis suis nuper Iustic' domini Regis ad diversa felon' prediciones et alia malefacta in comitatu predicto audiend' et terminand' assignat' extitit presentatum quod Iohannes Hurt de Shobury et Iohannes Glasiere de Rocheford nuncii inimicorum Regis ad faciend' villat' de Prytewell surgere contra Regem unde Radulphus Spicer Willelmus Chaundeler Willelmus Sare et Iohannes Messanger qui congregaverunt ad invicem cum inimicis predictis ad faciend' villam predictam surgere contra Regem proditorie quiquidem nuncii die iovis proxima ante festum Sancti Martini anno quarto [sic] venerunt ad villam predictam unde Iohannes Chaundeler male locutor unde Iohannes Hurt recognoscit quod Iohannes Syrat de Shobury preceptum illum ire ad villam predictam ad faciend' villam predictam surgere quiquidem Iohannes Syrat recognoscit quod Thomas Hilleston precepit villat' predict' surgere quod quiquidem iudicamentum dominus Rex inter alia venire fecit terminanda. - Per quod preceptum fuit vicecomiti quod caperet eum si et co. - Et modo scilicet die iovis proxima post quidenam Sancti Martini isto eodem termino coram domine Rege apud Westminster venit predictus Willelmus Chaundeler et reddidit se prisone Maris' domini Regis qui comitittur Maris'. Et statim per Maris' ductus venit et allocutus est qualiter de felon' et proditionibus predictis se velit acquiescare dicit quod dominus Rex nunc de gratia sua specialiter perdonavit ei sectam pacis sue que ad ipsum pertinent pro felon' et proditionibus predictis per litteras suas patentes quas profert hic in curia in hoc verba. - Ricardus dei gratia Rex Anglie et Francie et dominus Hibernie omnibus ballivis et fidelibus suis ad quos presentes littere pervenuerit salutem. Licet nuper mensibus maii iunii et iulii ultimo predictis quamplures de populo nostro contra pacem nostram diabolo instigante quidem videlicet illorum ex malicis propria et quidem ex aliorum artacionem in multitudine excessiva in diversis partibus regni nostri insurrexerunt quamplura facinora diversimodo perpetrando Nos tamen super interitu populi nostri pie compacientes ac considerantes bonum et fidelem gestum subdictor' nostrorum dicti regni nostri erga progenitores nostros et nos antea a longo tempore preexpertum necnon delinquentes huius modi de comissis ut intellexius penitere et se velle erga nos et populum nostrum bene et pacifice se gerere infutur' volent quia propterea rigorem iusticie mansuetudine temperare de gratia nostra speciali perdonavimus Willelmum Croume de Prytelwell chaundeler sectam pacis nostre que ad nos erga ipsum pertinent pro quibuscumque proditionibus feloniis et trangressionibus factis seu perpetratis in insurrectionibus predictis unde indicatus occasionatus seu reciatus existit ac eciam utlagar' si que in ipsum hiis occasionibus fuerunt promulgate et firma pacem nostram ei inde concedimus et ei bona et catalla sua que ad quatuor libras sicut idem Willelmus asserit appreciantur licet nobis ex causis permissis sunt fforisfactam restituimus habend' de dono nostro dumtamen dicte insurrectionis aut de morte venerabilis patris Simonis bone memorie nuper archiepiscopi Cantuar' seu fratis Roberti Hales nuper prioris Hospitalis Sancti Iohannis Ierusalem in Anglie tunc thesaurarii nostri seu Iohannis de Cavendissh nuper capitalis Iustic' nostri seu de combuscionem manerii de Savoye aut domus de Clerkenwell aut de morte prioris de Bury unus de principalibus non existat. Ita quod de cetero bene et pacifice se gerat erga nos et populum nostrum. Et quod stet recto in curia nostra si qui erga eum loqui volunt' de premissus vel aliquo permissorum in cuius rei testimonium has litteras nostras fieri fecimus patentes teste me ipso apud Westminster xxiii die Novembris anno regni nostri quinto. - Et quia curie non dum avisatus ad cartam predictam allecand' predictus Willelmus Crumme dimititur per manum Willelmi Reyngwell de London gurdeler Thome Elyngham de London grosser Roberti Wepere de Leye de comitatu Essex et Willelmi Northwyth de London cordwaner qui man' pro predicto Willelmo Crumme chaundeler habendi corpus eius coram domino Rege in octabis Sancti Hillarii ubicumque et co. |
| Text (English translation) | Essex. Before Robert Tresilian and his associates lately justices appointed to hear and determine divers felonies, treasons, and other misdeeds it was presented that John Hurt of Shoebury and John Glasiere of Rochford, were messengers of the king's enemies to cause the town of Prittlewell to rise against the king whereupon Ralph Spicer, William Chaundeler, William Sare and John Messenger who came together with the said enemies to cause the said town to treasonously rise against the king. The said messengers came to the said town on Thursday before St Martin 4th Richard II [recte: Thursday before Trinity; 6 June 1381] whereupon John Chaundeler (was) a speaker of evil (words) [something might be missing] whereupon John Hurt acknowledges that John Syrat of Shoebury ordered him to go to said town to cause it to rise; and the said John Syrat acknowledges that Thomas Hilleston ordered the said town to rise; which indictment the king had made among other things to come to be determined. - And that the sheriff was ordered to capture him etc. - And now namely on Thursday after the quindene [period of 15 days] of St Martin in this term before the King's Bench at Westminster comes the said William Chaundeler and rendered himself to the Marshalsea the prison of the king to which Marshalsea he is entrusted. And at once lead from the Marshalsea he comes and is questioned how he will acquit himself of the said felonies and treasons, he says that the king of his special grace pardoned him and extended his peace to him for the said felonies and treasons by his letters patent which are recited here in court: [paraphrased] Richard by God's grace king of England and France and lord of Ireland ... Although lately in the months of May, June and July several of our people, incited by the devil, had risen in divers parts of the kingdom ,,, However, we consider the good and faithful conduct of our subjects to our progenitors and wish to temper justice with mercy ... By our special grace we pardon William Croume of Prittlewell, chandler, for all felonies and treasons ... and we return his goods and chattels, valued at £40, which he forfeited, provided he is not a principal (rebel) in the said insurrection nor (involved) in the death of the venerable Father Simon, archbishop of Canterbury, or Brother Robert Hales, late prior of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem in England, then our treasurer, or John de Cavendish late our chief justice, or in the burning of the manor of Savoy, or of the house of Clerkenwell, or the death of the prior of Bury (St Edmunds). So that he shall conduct himself good and peaceful against us and our people ... Dated, Westminster 23rd November 1381. And because the court is not yet advised to allow the said charter [pardon] the said William Crumme is dismissed by the mainprise of William Reyngwell of London, girdler, Thomas Elyngham of London, grocer, Robert Wepere of Leigh in the county of Essex and William Northwyth of London, cordwainer, who undertake to have the body of the said William Crumme, chandler, before the King's Bench in the week of St Hilary etc. |
| Image of Source | _20220117_014008.jpg) |
People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19937 | John | de Cambridge | Male | Prior | Bury St Edmunds,Suffolk | Mentioned | 4156,4157,4158,4286,3627,3914,4163,4071,4147,4148,4150,4149,4152,4151 | Go to participant page |
| 19936 | John | de Cavendish | Male | Justice | Mentioned | Go to participant page | ||
| 19931 | John | Chaundeler | Male | 3870 | Go to participant page | |||
| 19928 | William | Chaundeler | Male | Chandler | Prittlewell,Essex | 3870 | Go to participant page | |
| 19939 | Thomas | Elyngham | Male | Grocer | London | Mainpernor | Go to participant page | |
| 19926 | John | Glasiere | Male | Rochford,Essex | 3870 | Go to participant page | ||
| 19935 | Robert | Hales | Male | Prior of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem in England,Treasurer | Mentioned | Go to participant page | ||
| 19933 | Thomas | Hilleston | Male | 3870 | Go to participant page | |||
| 19924 | John | Hurt | Male | South Shoebury,Essex | 3870 | Go to participant page | ||
| 19930 | John | Messanger | Male | 3870 | Go to participant page | |||
| 19941 | William | Northwych | Male | Cordwainer | London | Mainpernor | Go to participant page | |
| 19938 | William | Reyngwell | Male | Girdler | London | Mainpernor | Go to participant page | |
| 19929 | William | Sare | Male | 3870 | Go to participant page | |||
| 19927 | Ralph | Spicer | Male | 3870 | Go to participant page | |||
| 19934 | Simon | Sudbury | Male | Archbishop of Canterbury | Mentioned | Go to participant page | ||
| 19932 | John | Syrat | Male | South Shoebury,Essex | 3870 | Go to participant page | ||
| 19925 | Robert | Tresilian | Male | Justice | Justice | Go to participant page | ||
| 19940 | Robert | Wepere | Male | Leigh-on-Sea,Essex | Mainpernor | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3870 | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). He appears before the King's Bench and produces a pardon dated 23 November 1381. He is dismissed after providing surety. | Raising the commons: forcing others to join company,Treason: plotting against the King and his subjects,Raising the commons: proclamations | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| John Chaundeler ( 19931 ) | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). (3870) | Accused | |
| William Chaundeler ( 19928 ) | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). (3870) | Accused | |
| John Glasiere ( 19926 ) | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). (3870) | Accused | |
| Thomas Hilleston ( 19933 ) | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). (3870) | Accused | |
| John Hurt ( 19924 ) | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). (3870) | Accused | |
| John Messanger ( 19930 ) | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). (3870) | Accused | |
| William Sare ( 19929 ) | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). (3870) | Accused | |
| Ralph Spicer ( 19927 ) | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). (3870) | Accused | |
| John Syrat ( 19932 ) | William Chaundeler (alias Croume) and others indicted for proclaiming the rising in Prittlewell (Essex). (3870) | Accused |
