The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 145/3/5/1 (z) |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Essex |
| Text in Original Language | Essex. Ceste la verite que Johann Somenour Robert Piers William Chambirlayn Johan Gernoun Robert Waleys Johan Webbe Johan Langham et John Dauwe de Manytre en le hundred del Tendrynge in Essex que altres al somme de xxiiij furont mandetz par suffisauntz devener al compaignie del rumour le samedy le veill del Trinite en quatre. Et le jour del Trinite apres manger ils furont armetz et veneint ils prestrount un haubirioun un bassuinet et de j laun[c]e hors del mesoun Thome Hardyng Manytre et mesme le jour chermercheront a Estirford. Item lundy prochaine ils furent ove ... compaignie al Abeye de Cogessale mesoun del roi et illux enconterent gentiles ove lances et prosterunt Johan Ewelle eschetor du Roi en Essex et Hertford et luy chaseront devant la maisoun John Shewale viscomte d'Essex en la vile de Coggesale et illux estoit mesme l'eschetor naufre et descole et le teste iuys sur sone launce devant la companye. Item mesme le jour le compaingnie pristrount le vicecomite susdit et luy roberount des ces biens et chateux a grand somme. Item mardy prochaine la compaignie ameneront le vicomte susdit a Chelmesford...et illux ardirount tousz les preceptes et brefs du roi et munimenta esteiauntz en mayns du viscomte fors presque xl brefs quels il pristerount et mistroint sur haut poles in la commune chemyn. Item mekurdy prochaine ils furont ove la compaignie ad manoris mons' Johan Gildesburgh et debateront a tere. Et furent mesme le jour a Brendewode et la estoit descole ii clerks del dit eschetor et Nichol Davenant auditor terres mons' Aubrey de Veer et plusours altre furont descolets. Item jeody ils estoient en la companye et vendirdy a Loundres et samedy tanque la pees du Roi estois crie par cel signe que le dit Johan Somenour et ces compaignouns porterount potes de vyn del mansioun Richard Lyouns et xl de ces cliefs al maisoun Robert Hardekyn stokfishmonger de Loundres prede le ponit les clefs de menes en lour pays. Item mesne ces samedy ... le dit Johan Somenour ou sa companie susdit chivachoient a aranyte bien luetz de Loundres apres le pees crie coms susdit est die gar a manyere ne eu le hundrede susdit maufait tanque le dimanche prochaine a lour venne quel iour ils prostront une Flemyng [de] Manytre fu descole par lour crie et comandement et firent apres diversses cries que ils avoient chartre et commandent Roi et de altres cheventeyns d'Essex a descoler un Thomas Hardyng et Robert Balton de Manytre et mesme cel iour mesme ceux roberont les maissouns Thomas Hardyng et mesme cel iour manderont par les gentz de Herewich et altres viles del hundred et debruseront et debateront a tere les maisons de dit Thomas Hardyng le lundy prochaine et luy gaiston daver descole par tout le simaigne apres du quoi ils diount que ils sont garant unquere. Plese au conseil nostre seigneur le Roi de ordeigner remedie pour profit du Roi qar ils ne sont unquoie endites. Par fans' des aqunes des justices. [dorse] Vous plese entendre que Johan Somenour deens escript Robert Piers Johan Langham Robert Waleys soiets riches et que Johann Somenour vaut bien cccc marcz. |
| Text (English translation) | Essex. It is the truth that John Somenor Robert Piers William Chambirleyn John Gernoun Robert Waleys John Webbe John Langham and John Dauwe of Manningtree in the hundred of Tendring in Essex and another twenty four were ordered by a sufficiency [mandetz par suffisauntz] to come to the rebel company on the Saturday the eve of Trinity in the fourth [year of Richard II] [8 June 1381]. And on the day of Trinity [9 June 1381] after eating they took a hauberk, basinet and lance from the house of Thomas Harding at Manningtree and the same day marched to Easterford. Also on the following Monday [10 June 1381] they were with the company at Coggeshall Abbey and the king's house and there encountered nobles with lances and took John Ewell, the king's escheator in Essex and Hertford, and chased him before the house of John Shewale, sheriff of Essex, in Coggeshall and there they wounded and beheaded the said escheator and placed his head on his lance in front of the company. Also on the following Tuesday [11 June 1381] the company led the said sheriff to Chelmsford in the same county and there burnt all the orders and writs of tghe King and muniments in the hands of the sheriff except for forty writs which they took and put on high poles in the common road. Also on the following Wednesday [12 June 1381] they were with the company at the manor of John Gildesburgh and threw it to the ground. And they were on the same day at Brentwood and there they beheaded two clerks of the said escheator and Nicholas Davenant auditor of the lands of Aubrey de Veer and many others were beheaded. Also on Thursday [13 June 1381] and Friday [14 June 1381] they were with the company at London and on the Saturday [15 June 1381] until the peace of the King was cried at which sign the said John Somenour and his companions carried pots of wine from the house of Richard Lyons and pillaged forty keys (?) to the house of Robert Hardekyn stockfishmonger of London, taking the said keys back to their country. Also on the same Saturday [15 June 1381] the said John Somenour with his company rode arrayed from London after the peace had been proclaimed and in a similar evil manner in the said hundred until the following Sunday [16 June 1381] on which day they seized a Fleming who was beheaded by their cry and command and they made divers cries that they had the charter and command of the King and other divers captains of Essex to behead one Thomas Hardyng and Robert Balton of Manningtree and on the same day [16 June 1381] they robbed the houses of Thomas Hardyng and on the same day they sent for the men of Harwich and other towns of the hundred and burnt and threw down to the ground the houses of the said Thomas Hardyng on the following Monday [17 June 1381] and sought him in order to behead him for the whole of the following week which they again claimed they had a warrant to do (?). May it please the Council of our Lord the King to ordain a remedy for the profit of the King as they are not yet indicted... [dorse] You should know that John Somenour in this writing Robert Piers John Langham Robert Waleys are rich and that John Somenour has at least 400 marks. |
| General Information | These indictments were apparently made in response to the petition by Somenour and the others (source no. 4460 in this database) and form part of a small group of documents returned to King's Bench by the Marshalsea of the Household comprising the examinations of John Glasene and Thomas Webbe (source no. 4084 in this database), a list of those compelled to rise in Manningtree (same names as in sourece no. 4084), the petition by Somenour and the others, and the present indictments. A useful overview of events in Manningtree is here: http://users.trytel.com/tristan/towns/market/essex/manningtree.html |
People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29278 | Robert | Balton | Male | Manningtree,Essex | Victim | Go to participant page | ||
| 29264 | William | Chambirlayn | Male | Manningtree,Essex | Accused | 4734,4733 | Go to participant page | |
| 29269 | John | Dauwe | Male | Manningtree,Essex | 4733,4733,4734 | Go to participant page | ||
| 29274 | Nicholas | Davenant | Male | Victim | Go to participant page | |||
| 29271 | John | Ewell | Male | Victim | Go to participant page | |||
| 29265 | John | Gernoun | Male | Manningtree,Essex | Accused | 4734,4733 | Go to participant page | |
| 29273 | John | Gildesburgh | Male | Victim | Go to participant page | |||
| 29277 | Robert | Hardekyn | Male | Stockfishmonger | London | Victim | Go to participant page | |
| 29270 | Thomas | Hardyng | Male | Manningtree,Essex | Victim | 4733 | Go to participant page | |
| 29268 | John | Langham | Male | Manningtree,Essex | Accused | 4734,4733 | Go to participant page | |
| 29276 | Richard | Lyons | Male | London | Victim | Go to participant page | ||
| 29263 | Robert | Piers | Male | Manningtree,Essex | 4733,4734,4733 | Go to participant page | ||
| 29272 | John | Shewale | Male | Victim | Go to participant page | |||
| 29262 | John | Somenor | Male | Manningtree,Essex | Accused | 4734,4733 | Go to participant page | |
| 29275 | Aubrey | de Vere | Male | Mentioned | Go to participant page | |||
| 29266 | Robert | Waleys | Male | Manningtree,Essex | Accused | 4734,4733,4734 | Go to participant page | |
| 29267 | John | Webbe | Male | Manningtree,Essex | Accused | 4734,4733,4734 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4740 | Fleming beheaded at Manningtree, 16 June 1381 | Fleming beheaded at Manningtree, 16 June 1381 | Homicide: beheading | Go to incidents page |
| 4737 | House of John Gildesburgh burnt and thrown down, 12 June 1381 | House of John Gildesburgh burnt and thrown down, 12 June 1381 | Arson: burning of houses,Trespass to land: throwing down of house | Go to incidents page |
| 4739 | Houses of Richard Lyons and Robert Hardekyn in London plundered, 15 June 1381 | Houses of Robert Lyons and Robert Hardekyn in London plundered, 15 June 1381 | Larceny: theft of goods | Go to incidents page |
| 4741 | Houses of Thomas Hardyng at Manningtree burnt and thrown down, 17 June 1381 | Houses of Thomas Hardyng at Manningtree burnt and thrown down, 17 June 1381. Rebels seek Hardyng and Robert Balton to behead them. | Trespass to land: throwing down of house,Arson: burning of houses | Go to incidents page |
| 4734 | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 | Homicide: beheading | Go to incidents page |
| 4738 | Nicholas Davenant and two exchequer clerks beheaded at Brentwood, 12 June 1381 | Nicholas Davenant, auditor of Aubrey de Vere, and two exchequer clerks beheaded at Brentwood, 12 June 1381 | Homicide: beheading | Go to incidents page |
| 4733 | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 | Rising in Manningtree and armour and weapons seized from house of Thomas Harding | Trespass to land: forcible entry of close and houses,Larceny: theft of goods,Warlike array and insurrection | Go to incidents page |
| 4735 | Sheriff of Essex led to Chelmsford and documents burnt, 11 June 1381 | John Sewale, Sheriff of Essex, led by rebels from Coggeshall to Chelmsford and the records in his hands seized burnt, with forty retained and placed on poles. | Arson: burning of documents | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| William Chambirlayn ( 29264 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| John Dauwe ( 29269 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| John Gernoun ( 29265 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| John Langham ( 29268 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| Robert Piers ( 29263 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| John Somenor ( 29262 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| Robert Waleys ( 29266 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| Robert Waleys ( 29266 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| John Webbe ( 29267 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| John Webbe ( 29267 ) | John Ewell beheaded at Coggeshall, 10 June 1381 (4734) | Accused | |
| William Chambirlayn ( 29264 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused | |
| John Dauwe ( 29269 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused | |
| John Dauwe ( 29269 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused | |
| John Gernoun ( 29265 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused | |
| Thomas Hardyng ( 29270 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Victim | |
| John Langham ( 29268 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused | |
| Robert Piers ( 29263 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused | |
| Robert Piers ( 29263 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused | |
| John Somenor ( 29262 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused | |
| Robert Waleys ( 29266 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused | |
| John Webbe ( 29267 ) | Rising in Manningtree, 8 June 1381 (4733) | Accused |
