The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 27/482 rex m. 11 |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Yorkshire |
| Published source (may be more than one) | Reville p. 272 no. 178 |
| Text (English translation) | Yorkshire Be it remembered that the venerable father W., bishop of London, the lord king's chancellor, delivered here in court in his own hands, in this same term, a certain record in these words: Richard, by the grace of God king of England and France and lord of Ireland, to Simon de Quyxlay and his companions, keepers of his peace and his justices appointed to hear and determine various felonies and other crimes in the city of York, greetings to each. Wishing for certain reasons to be informed about certain indictments made before you for certain felonies, trespasses and other crimes of which Robert Harom, Richard Kendale and Thomas de Touthorp are indicted, as is said, we order you and each of you to send the aforesaid indictments with everything touching on them to us in our chancery under the seal of any one of you, clearly and openly and safely and securely, without delay, and this writ, so that we may further have done on this what is to be done rightly and according to the law and custom of our realm of England. Witness myself at Westminster, the twelfth day of September, in the fifth year of our reign. The indictments mentioned in the aforesaid writ follow in these words: Presentments and indictments held at York before Simon de Quixlay, Thomas Gra, John Berden and Thomas Thurkill, keepers of the peace and the lord king's justices appointed to hear and determine various trespasses and certain other crimes committed in the city of York, at York, on the Thursday following the feast of St Bartholomew the apostle in the fifth year of the reign of King Richard, the second after the conquest of England. Yorkshire Twelve jurors of the city of York, namely John Lambe, Adam de Helperby, William de Rossyngton, William de Aynderby, William de Bedelyngton, John de Wyghton, tailor, Henry Chaloner, Walter de Grendon, John de Stodeleye, John de Rudstane, butcher, Edward Glovere and Simon del Castell, tailor, jurors, who say on their oath that Robert de Harom, merchant, and Richard de Kendale, and certain other malefactors and disturbers of the lord king's peace, on the Monday following the feast of the apostles Peter and Paul in the fifth year of the reign of the present lord king of England [1 July 1381], came to York in a warlike manner and with armed force, arrayed and armed with breast-plates, iron helmets and various other arms, and there, at Bootham Bar in the suburb of York, they attacked William de Horneby, Thomas de Santon, Adam de Wyghale, John de Stodeleye and others of the lord king's people of the same city, and threatened them there with maiming and killing if they could meet with them in any way; and thus from that time they besieged the city of York outside Bootham Bar in the aforesaid suburb with armed force and power, on the aforesaid day and year, and lay in wait for the said William de Hornby, Thomas Santon, Adam de Wyghale and John de Stodeleye, and others of the lord king's people of the said city likewise, to kill and maim them, and they rode armed and arrayed thus to the disturbance of the lord king's peace and that of all his people, and they swore and allied together for this at York, on the Monday following the feast of the apostles Peter and Paul in the fifth year of the reign of the present lord king of England. And they say that Robert de Harom, merchant, and Richard de Kendale, on the Wednesday before the feast of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary, in the fiftieth year of the reign of King Edward the third, the grandfather of the present lord king of England, came to York in a warlike manner and with armed force, with breast-plates, iron helmets, swords, bows and arrows and various other arms; and there they attacked John de Blaktoft, skinner, Peter de Heselyngton, skinner, William de Betewang, skinner, and Alan de Bradelay, and beat, wounded and ill-treated them, and inflicted other outrages on them, to the great harm of the same John, Peter, William and Alan, and against the lord king's peace. And they say that the same Robert de Harom and Richard de Kendale are common malefactors and disturbers of the lord king's peace, for sustaining and supporting these aforesaid trespasses and crimes in the aforesaid manner and form, at the aforesaid day, place and year; and the same Robert de Harom and Richard de Kendale gathered various unlawful assemblies in York at the aforesaid days, years and places against the aforesaid William de Hornby, Thomas de Santon, Adam de Wyghale and others of the lord king's people of the said city, and gather them every day, and also gave matching hoods and other livery through their confederacy and for the maintenance of the aforesaid things, against the prohibition of the lord king and the form of his ordinances and statutes made on this, to various men at York on the Thursday following the feast of St James the apostle in the fifth year of the reign of the present lord king of England, namely to Thomas Hudson, Thomas Raper, John Carter and Richard de Assheby - to each of them one matching hood, to the disturbance of the lord king's entire people and against the same king's peace. Item, they say on their oath that Richard de Kendale, lately the servant of John de Gusburn of York, on the Monday following the feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the forty-sixth year of the reign of King Edward, the third after the conquest of England, of malice aforethought, at Bootham Bar in York feloniously murdered and killed William de Dalton, webster. From the records of the fifth year. For this reason the sheriff was ordered not to fail etc. but to seize the aforesaid Richard de Kendale if etc. and safely etc. so that he has his body before the lord king at the octave of St Hilary wherever etc., and to answer to the lord king for the aforesaid felonies. And also not to fail etc., but to have the aforesaid Robert de Harom appear at the aforesaid term to answer to the lord king for the aforesaid trespasses of which he is indicted above. |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 26546 | William | de Aynderby | Male | Juror | Go to participant page | |||
| 26547 | William | de Bedelyngton | Male | Juror | Go to participant page | |||
| 26554 | Simon | de Castell | Male | Tailor | Juror | Go to participant page | ||
| 26549 | Henry | Chaloner | Male | Juror | Go to participant page | |||
| 26553 | Edward | Glovere | Male | Juror | Go to participant page | |||
| 26550 | Walter | de Grendon | Male | Juror | Go to participant page | |||
| 26555 | Robert | de Harom | Male | Merchant | 4442 | Go to participant page | ||
| 26544 | Adam | de Helperby | Male | Juror | Go to participant page | |||
| 26557 | William | de Horneby | Male | 4442 | Go to participant page | |||
| 26556 | Richard | de Kendale | Male | 4442 | Go to participant page | |||
| 26543 | John | Lambe | Male | Juror | Go to participant page | |||
| 26545 | William | de Rossyngton | Male | Juror | Go to participant page | |||
| 26552 | John | de Rudstane | Male | Butcher | Juror | Go to participant page | ||
| 26558 | Thomas | de Santon | Male | 4442 | Go to participant page | |||
| 26551 | John | de Stodeleye | Male | Juror | Go to participant page | |||
| 26560 | John | de Stodeleye | Male | 4442 | Go to participant page | |||
| 26559 | Adam | de Wyghale | Male | 4442 | Go to participant page | |||
| 26548 | John | de Wyghton | Male | Tailor | Juror | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4442 | Robert de Harom and Richard de Kendale attack William de Horneby and others at York | The jurors say that Robert de Harom, merchant and Richard de Kendale and other malefactors on Monday 1 July 1381 came to York in a warlike manner and attacked William de Horneby, Thomas de Santon, Adam de Wyghale, John de Stodeleye and others of the lord king's people of the same city at Bootham Bar, and threatened them there with maiming and killing. | Trespass to person: assault,Trespass to person: ambush,Trespass to person: threats,Warlike array and insurrection | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Robert de Harom ( 26555 ) | Robert de Harom and Richard de Kendale attack William de Horneby and others at York (4442) | Accused | |
| William de Horneby ( 26557 ) | Robert de Harom and Richard de Kendale attack William de Horneby and others at York (4442) | Victim | |
| Richard de Kendale ( 26556 ) | Robert de Harom and Richard de Kendale attack William de Horneby and others at York (4442) | Accused | |
| Thomas de Santon ( 26558 ) | Robert de Harom and Richard de Kendale attack William de Horneby and others at York (4442) | Victim | |
| John de Stodeleye ( 26560 ) | Robert de Harom and Richard de Kendale attack William de Horneby and others at York (4442) | Victim | |
| Adam de Wyghale ( 26559 ) | Robert de Harom and Richard de Kendale attack William de Horneby and others at York (4442) | Victim |
