The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 27/483 rex m. 23 |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Middlesex |
| Text (English translation) | Middlesex A jury of various hundreds in the aforesaid county presented before the lord king at Westminster in this same term that William the son of Nicholas Gardyner of the town of Westminster, on the Thursday on the feast of Corpus Christi in the fourth year of the reign of King Richard, the second after the conquest, feloniously and treacherously, with many other felons and traitors, cast down the houses of a certain Andrew Tettesworth situated in the town of Westminster, to the value of a hundred pounds, and feloniously seized and carried off the said Andrew's goods and chattels found there to the value of forty pounds. And that the aforesaid William son of Nicholas, on the same day and year, together with other felons, feloniously cast down the houses of a certain Roger Leget in the parish of St Andrew of Holborn, outside the Old Temple Bar of London, to the value of forty pounds. And that the aforesaid William was one of the principal insurgents against the lord king in the meantime. Item, they present that the aforesaid William, son of Nicholas Gardyner, of the town of Westminster, around the feast of the Purification of the Blessed Mary in the first year of the reign of King Richard the second, feloniously stole a dish and a saucer of silver, worth ten marks, from John, duke of Lancaster in his manor of the Savoy within the town of Westminster. And that the aforesaid William is a common and notorious thief. From the records of the fifth year. Whereupon it is attested here in court that the aforesaid William, son of Nicholas Gardener, is indicted before William Walworth and his companions, the lord king's justices appointed to hear and determines various felonies and treasons in the county of Middlesex. Therefore the same William Walworth is ordered to send all indictments held before the aforesaid William Walworth, touching in any way on the same William son of Nicholas Gardyner, with everything touching on them, under his seal, clearly and openly, before the lord king without delay, so that he might further etc. Afterwards, namely on the Friday following the octave of the Purification of the Blessed Mary in this same term, the aforesaid William, son of Nicholas Gardyner, appeared before the lord king at Westminster in the custody of the marshal, as he had previously been handed over to his custody. And the aforesaid William de Walworth sent all the indictments held before him in the county of Middlesex in these words: The inquisition held at the lodgings of John Barbour, son of Walter Barbour, near the Stone Cross at the Strand outside the gate of the New Temple of London in the county of Middlesex, on the Monday following the feast of St Peter ad vincula in the fifth year of the reign of King Richard the second, before William Walleworth, mayor of the city of London, and his companions, the lord king's justices appointed by the lord king's letters patent to enquire into, hear and determine certain treasons, homicides and other felonies, perpetrated in any way in the same county of Middlesex, on the oath of William Lovell, Andrew Tettlesworth, William Hull, William Brenge, William Sudbury, William Grendon, John Basford, William But, Thomas Brandesby, William Est, Richard Est and John Lorymer, who say on their oath that William, son of Nicholas Gardener, and other malefactors, rising up against the lord king on the Thursday on the feast of Corpus Christi in the fourth year of the reign of King Richard the second, feloniously burnt the manor of lord John, duke of Lancaster, called the Savoy, and the manor of the Prior of St John of Jerusalem in England called Clerkenwell, in the county of Middlesex. Item, on the oath of John Lorthon, John Pycard, Thomas Chese, William Knott of Fulham, John Wragston, John de Ardern, John Bataille, John Mede, John Mery, John Semer, William Chauntour and Thomas Ferrour, who say on their oath that William Gardyner, called the son of Nicholas Gardyner, was one of those who treacherously and feloniously rose up against the lord king and his people, and that he, together with other unknown malefactors of his faction, came on the Thursday on the feast of Corpus Christi in the fourth year of the reign of King Richard the second, to the house of William Fresshawe at the Strand in the county of Middlesex, and threatened Christina, the same William's wife, with decapitation; and he feloniously entered the same house and there feloniously broke the doors and windows and chests of the same William Fresshawe etc. From the records of the fifth year. And now, namely on the Friday following the octave of the Purification of the Blessed Mary in this same term, the aforesaid William, son of Nicholas Gardyner, appears before the lord king at Westminster in the custody of the marshal, and is asked how he wishes to acquit himself of the aforesaid felonies and treasons. He says that he is in no way guilty of them, and on this he puts himself on the country for good and evil. Therefore a jury is to appear on this before the lord king at Westminster on the Saturday then following. And who etc. to investigate etc. And in the meantime the aforesaid William, son of Nicholas Gardyner, is handed over to prison in the custody of the marshal. On which Saturday the aforesaid William, son of Nicholas Gardyner, appears before the lord king at Westminster, in the custody of the marshal. And the jurors likewise appear, who, chosen, assessed and sworn for this, say on their oath that the aforesaid William, son of Nicholas Gardyner, is guilty of the aforesaid felonies and treasons. Therefore he is to be drawn and hanged. He has no goods or chattels, lands or tenements etc. |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25620 | John | de Ardern | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25602 | John | Barbour | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25603 | Walter | Barbour | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25609 | John | Basford | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25621 | John | Bataille | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25611 | Thomas | Brandesby | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25606 | William | Brenge | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25610 | William | But | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25625 | William | Chauntour | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25617 | Thomas | Chese | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25613 | Richard | Est | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25612 | William | Est | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25626 | Thomas | Ferrour | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25628 | Christina | Fresshawe | Female | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25627 | William | Fresshawe | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25599 | Nicholas | Gardyner | Male | 4370,4371,4369 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25598 | William | Gardyner | Male | Westminster,Middlesex | 4369,4371,4370 | Go to participant page | ||
| 25608 | William | Grendon | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25605 | William | Hull | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25618 | William | Knott | Male | Fulham,Middlesex | 4371 | Go to participant page | ||
| 25601 | Roger | Leget | Male | 4369 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25615 | John | Lorthon | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25614 | John | Lorymer | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25604 | William | Lovell | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25622 | John | Mede | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25623 | John | Mery | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25616 | John | Pycard | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25624 | John | Semer | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25607 | William | Sudbury | Male | 4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25600 | Andrew | Tettesworth | Male | 4369,4370 | Go to participant page | |||
| 25619 | John | Wragston | Male | 4371 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4370 | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John | William, son of Nicholas Gardener, and other malefactors, rising up against the lord king on Thursday 13 June 1381 feloniously burnt the manor of lord John, duke of Lancaster, called the Savoy, and the manor of the Prior of St John of Jerusalem in England called Clerkenwell, in the county of Middlesex. | Arson: burning of houses | Go to incidents page |
| 4369 | William Gardyner destroys the houses of Andrew Tettesworth and Roger Leget | William the son of Nicholas Gardyner of the town of Westminster, on Thursday 13 June 1381, feloniously and treacherously, with many other felons and traitors, cast down the houses of a certain Andrew Tettesworth situated in the town of Westminster, to the value of a hundred pounds, and feloniously seized and carried off the said Andrew's goods and chattels found there to the value of forty pounds. And that the aforesaid William son of Nicholas, on the same day and year, together with other felons, feloniously cast down the houses of a certain Roger Leget in the parish of St Andrew of Holborn, outside the Old Temple Bar of London, to the value of forty pounds. And that the aforesaid William was one of the principal insurgents against the lord king in the meantime. | Trespass to land: throwing down of house,Larceny: theft of goods,Trespass to chattels: removal of goods | Go to incidents page |
| 4371 | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe | William Gardyner, called the son of Nicholas Gardyner, was one of those who treacherously and feloniously rose up against the lord king and his people, and that he, together with other unknown malefactors of his faction, came on the Thursday on the feast of Corpus Christi in the fourth year of the reign of King Richard the second, to the house of William Fresshawe at the Strand in the county of Middlesex, and threatened Christina, the same William's wife, with decapitation; and he feloniously entered the same house and there feloniously broke the doors and windows and chests of the same William Fresshawe etc. | Trespass to chattels: destruction of goods,Trespass to person: threats,Trespass to land: forcible entry of close and houses | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| John Barbour ( 25602 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Mentioned | |
| Walter Barbour ( 25603 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Mentioned | |
| John Basford ( 25609 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| Thomas Brandesby ( 25611 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| William Brenge ( 25606 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| William But ( 25610 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| Richard Est ( 25613 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| William Est ( 25612 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| Nicholas Gardyner ( 25599 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Mentioned | |
| William Gardyner ( 25598 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Accused | |
| John of Gaunt ( 5695 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Victim | |
| William Grendon ( 25608 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| William Hull ( 25605 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| John Lorymer ( 25614 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| William Lovell ( 25604 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| William Sudbury ( 25607 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| Andrew Tettesworth ( 25600 ) | William Gardyner burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4370) | Juror | |
| Nicholas Gardyner ( 25599 ) | William Gardyner destroys the houses of Andrew Tettesworth and Roger Leget (4369) | Mentioned | |
| William Gardyner ( 25598 ) | William Gardyner destroys the houses of Andrew Tettesworth and Roger Leget (4369) | Accused | |
| Roger Leget ( 25601 ) | William Gardyner destroys the houses of Andrew Tettesworth and Roger Leget (4369) | Victim | |
| Andrew Tettesworth ( 25600 ) | William Gardyner destroys the houses of Andrew Tettesworth and Roger Leget (4369) | Victim | |
| John de Ardern ( 25620 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| John Bataille ( 25621 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| William Chauntour ( 25625 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| Thomas Chese ( 25617 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| Thomas Ferrour ( 25626 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| Christina Fresshawe ( 25628 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Victim | |
| William Fresshawe ( 25627 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Victim | |
| Nicholas Gardyner ( 25599 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Mentioned | |
| William Gardyner ( 25598 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Accused | |
| William Knott ( 25618 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| John Lorthon ( 25615 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| John Mede ( 25622 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| John Mery ( 25623 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| John Pycard ( 25616 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| John Semer ( 25624 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror | |
| John Wragston ( 25619 ) | William Gardyner threatens Christina Fresshawe and damages property of William Fresshawe (4371) | Juror |
