The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 27/485 rex m. 23d |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Hertfordshire |
| Text (English translation) | Hertfordshire It was previously presented before Robert Tresilian and his companions, lately the lord king's justices appointed to hear and determine various felonies and treasons in the aforesaid county, that on the Friday and Saturday following the feast of Corpus Christi in the fourth year of the reign of king Richard, the second after the conquest, William Caldecote of St Albans and others first rose up of their own accord against the lord king and his crown, as the same king's enemies, at the town of St Albans, and there they treacherously and feloniously destroyed the houses of Robert atte Chaumbre, John Clerk, and Richard Scryveyn, and Simon Limbremer, on the aforesaid days and in the aforesaid year. The lord king afterwards had this indictment brought before him to be determined. For which reason the sheriff was ordered to seize him if etc. And now, namely on the Saturday [following?] the quinzaine of St John the Baptist in this same term William Caldecote [appeared] before the lord king at Westminster and surrendered himself to the prison of the lord king's marshal; and he is handed over to the marshal. And immediately, led by the marshal, he appears and is asked how he wishes to acquit himself of the aforesaid felonies and treasons. He says that the present lord king has of his special grace pardoned to him the suit of his peace that belongs to him for all manner of treasons and felonies perpetrated by him in the aforesaid insurrections, except etc. by his letters patent, which he produces here in court in these words: Richard by the grace of God king of England and France and lord of Ireland, to all his bailiffs and all his faithful to whom the present letters come, greetings. Know that out of reverence for God and at the special request of Anne, queen of England, our most dear consort, and from consideration of the good and faithful conduct of our subjects towards our progenitors and us, which we have experienced before the insurrections of certain rebels of ours, which have lately taken place against us and our peace, and so that our individual subjects might have happier hearts to remain faithfully in faith and love towards us, we have, of our special grace, pardoned to William Caldecote, tanner of St Albans in the county of Hertfordshire, the suit of our peace which belongs to us from him, for all manner of felonies and treasons done or perpetrated in any way by him in the aforesaid insurrections, from the first day of May in the fourth year of our reign until the feast of All Saints following, for which he has been indicted, accused or charged, and also outlawries, if any have been pronounced against him for these reasons, and we grant him our permanent peace on this, provided however that he did not kill the venerable father Simon of good memory, archbishop of Canterbury, lately our chancellor, or brother Robert Hales, prior of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem in England, then our treasurer, or John de Cavendissh, then our chief justice; and that he is not an approver or appealed of such treasons or felonies, where there is a surviving approver or appellant, nor did he escape from or leave prison and not surrender himself to the same prison. Provided always that the parties harmed in the aforesaid insurrections should have and be able to pursue any action by which it is not possible to proceed to a judgement of life, for recovery of their [damages and losses] in this matter against the aforesaid William, as might seem beneficial to them. In testimony of which thing we have had these our letters patent made. Witness myself at Westminster, on the fifteenth day of May in the fifth year of our reign. By reason of these letters the same William requests that he might be delivered from the lord king's prison etc. And because the date of the aforesaid charter is within the term in the lord king's statute for finding security towards the lord king and his people, the aforesaid William is told to find sufficient security etc. Whereupon Robert Feltwell, William Broun, John Postell, Henry Bedell appear, and stand bail for the aforesaid William Caldecote that he will henceforth conduct himself well towards the lord king and his people, according to the form of the aforesaid statute; and because of this it is decided that the aforesaid William Caldecote is to go from here without day. |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24474 | Henry | Bedell | Male | 4257 | Go to participant page | |||
| 24472 | William | Broun | Male | 4257 | Go to participant page | |||
| 24466 | William | Caldecote | Male | St Albans,Hertfordshire | 4257 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24467 | Robert | atte Chaumbre | Male | St Albans,Hertfordshire | 4257 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24468 | John | Clerk | Male | St Albans,Hertfordshire | 4257 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24471 | Robert | Feltwell | Male | 4257 | Go to participant page | |||
| 24470 | Simon | Limbremer | Male | St Albans,Hertfordshire | 4257 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24473 | John | Postell | Male | 4257 | Go to participant page | |||
| 24469 | Richard | Scryveyn | Male | St Albans,Hertfordshire | 4257 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4257 | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans | On Friday 14 and Saturday 15 June 1381, William Caldecote of St Albans and others first rose up of their own accord against the lord king and his crown, as the same king's enemies, at the town of St Albans, and there they treacherously and feloniously destroyed the houses of Robert atte Chaumbre, John Clerk, and Richard Scryveyn, and Simon Limbremer. He produces a pardon, is mainprised and goes free. | Trespass to land: throwing down of house | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Henry Bedell ( 24474 ) | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans (4257) | Mainpernor | |
| William Broun ( 24472 ) | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans (4257) | Mainpernor | |
| William Caldecote ( 24466 ) | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans (4257) | Accused | |
| Robert atte Chaumbre ( 24467 ) | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans (4257) | Victim | |
| John Clerk ( 24468 ) | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans (4257) | Victim | |
| Robert Feltwell ( 24471 ) | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans (4257) | Mainpernor | |
| Simon Limbremer ( 24470 ) | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans (4257) | Victim | |
| John Postell ( 24473 ) | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans (4257) | Mainpernor | |
| Richard Scryveyn ( 24469 ) | William Caldecote destroys houses at St Albans (4257) | Victim |
