The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Writ |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 27/482 rex m. 38 |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Berkshire |
| Text (English translation) | Berkshire The lord king sent his writ close to the constable of his castle of Windsor or to his lieutenant there, in these words: Richard by the grace of God king of England and France and lord of Ireland, to the constable of his castle of Windsor or to his lieutenant there, greetings. We order you, firmly enjoining upon you, to have John Laurence of Bray, captured and held in our prison in the aforesaid castle in your keeping, as is said, appear before us with the cause of his arrest on this next Wednesday immediately following, wherever we will then be in England, to answer there on certain things which will be explained to him then on our behalf, and to do and receive further what will then happen to be ordained there concerning him. And you are to have this writ there. Witness myself at Westminster, on the fifteenth day of November in the fifth year of our reign. The endorsement of the same writ is thus: I, Robert Herteleye, lieutenant of the constable of the castle of Windsor, inform you that I had John Laurence of Bray, mentioned below and held in the castle prison there, appear. And I do not know the reason for the same John Laurence's arrest, but John Cyfrewast, knight, and others associated with him brought the aforesaid John Laurence to the said castle, firmly enjoining upon me, on behalf of the lord king, to keep the same John in safe custody and not to deliver him without an order from the lord king or his council. This John Laurence is delivered to the marshal. And immediately, led by the marshal, he appears and says that the present lord king, of his special grace, has pardoned to him the suit of his peace that belongs to him for certain treasons, felonies and trespasses done or perpetrated in the insurrections etc., by his letters patent which he produces here in court in these words: Richard, by the grace of God king of England and France and lord of Ireland, to all his bailiffs and all his faithful to whom the present letters come, greetings. Although lately, during the months of May, June and July last, a great number of our people, against our peace, at the devil's instigation - some of them, that is, from their own malice and some compelled by others - rose up in a very great multitude in various parts of our realm, perpetrating a great number of crimes in various ways; we, however, with pious compassion for the destruction of our people, and considering the good and faithful conduct of our subjects of our said realm towards our progenitors and towards us, experienced by us for a long time before now, and also, as we have understood, that these offenders are sorry for what they have done, and wish to conduct themselves well and peacefully towards us and our people in future, and wishing for that reason to temper the rigour of justice with mildness, we have of our special grace pardoned to John Laurence of Bray the suit of our peace which belongs to us from him, for any treasons, felonies and transgressions done or perpetrated in the aforesaid insurrections, for which he is indicted, charged or accused, and also outlawries, if any have been pronounced against him for these reasons, and we grant him our permanent peace on this, provided however that he is not one of the principals in the said insurrection, or in the death of the venerable father Simon of good memory, lately archbishop of Canterbury, or of brother Robert Hales, lately prior of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem in England, then our treasurer, or of John de Cavendyssh, lately our chief justice, or of the burning of the manor of Savoy or of the house of Clerkenwell, or of the death of the prior of Bury; provided that henceforth he conducts himself well and peacefully towards us and our people, and that he stands to right in our court if anyone should wish to speak against him concerning the aforesaid or any of the aforesaid. In testimony of which thing we have had these our letters patent made. Witness myself at Westminster, the twenty-third day of November in the fifth year of our reign. By reason of these letters the same John Laurence requests that he might be delivered from the lord king's prison etc. And because the aforesaid John Laurence has not yet had a judgment in the matter of some felonies or treasons, as can be established at present by the court, the same John Laurence is released on the mainprise of John Prise, Robert Solace, John Cook and Henry Northyrne. And they stand bail for the aforesaid John Laurence, to have his body before the lord king wherever etc. when they have been given reasonable warning, if it should happen that the same John Laurence is accused before the lord king of any treasons, insurrections or any other crimes, and also for his good conduct towards the lord king and his people, according to the form of the statute made and provided for this etc. Whereupon, when the aforesaid letters had been examined, it was decided that the aforesaid John Laurence should go from here without day. |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24460 | John | Cook | Male | 4254 | Go to participant page | |||
| 24457 | John | Cyfrewast | Male | Knight | 4254 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24456 | Robert | Herteleye | Male | 4254 | Go to participant page | |||
| 24455 | John | Laurence | Male | Bray,Berkshire | 4254 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24461 | Henry | Northyrne | Male | 4254 | Go to participant page | |||
| 24458 | John | Prise | Male | 4254 | Go to participant page | |||
| 24459 | Robert | Solace | Male | 4254 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4254 | John Laurence delivered from the castle of Windsor and pardoned | Writ to Robert Herteleye, constable of the castle of Windsor, ordering John Laurence of Bray, imprisoned for certain treasons, felonies and trespasses perpetrated in the insurrection, to be brought before the king. He appears and produces a pardon; he is mainprised and goes free. | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| John Cook ( 24460 ) | John Laurence delivered from the castle of Windsor and pardoned (4254) | Mainpernor | |
| John Cyfrewast ( 24457 ) | John Laurence delivered from the castle of Windsor and pardoned (4254) | Mentioned | |
| Robert Herteleye ( 24456 ) | John Laurence delivered from the castle of Windsor and pardoned (4254) | Mentioned | |
| John Laurence ( 24455 ) | John Laurence delivered from the castle of Windsor and pardoned (4254) | Accused | |
| Henry Northyrne ( 24461 ) | John Laurence delivered from the castle of Windsor and pardoned (4254) | Mainpernor | |
| John Prise ( 24458 ) | John Laurence delivered from the castle of Windsor and pardoned (4254) | Mainpernor | |
| Robert Solace ( 24459 ) | John Laurence delivered from the castle of Windsor and pardoned (4254) | Mainpernor |
