The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Approvers appeal |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA JUST 3/167 m. 46d |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| Text in Original Language | Lincoln': Johannes filius Johannis Wymerk de Torkesey de Lincoln' Taverner venit coram Roberto de Pynchebek coronatore domini Regis in partibus de Holand in comitatu Lincoln' apud Sanctum Botolphum videlicet decimo die mensis Novembris Anno regni regis Ricardi secundi sexto et cognovit se esse latronem de diversis feloniis Et dicit quod ipse simul cum quodam Johanne Whitlok capellano septimo die mensis Junij Anno regni regis Ricardi secundi quarto inter Depford et Shotesshill in comitatu Kanc' quendam mercatorem extraneum cuius nomen ignorat felonice expoliaverunt de decem marcis argenti et ipsum mercatorem ibidem felonice interfecerunt unde dictus Johannes filius Johannis dictum Johannem Whitlok appellat - Item appellat Johannem Cook capellanum de eo quod ipse simul cum prefato probatore die Mercurii proximo post festum Assumpcionis beate Marie Virginis Anno regni regis Ricardi secundi sexto quandam ecclesiam in villa de Staunford fregerunt set an dicta ecclesia sit ecclesia sancti Johannis an ecclesia sancti Georgij ignorat et unum calicem precij xx solid' et unum portiforium precii x solid' et unam togam precii x solid' in eadem ecclesia inventa furtive ceperunt et asportaverunt - Item appellat predictum Johannem Whitlok de eo quod fuit concenciens procurans et abettans ad dictam feloniam faciend' - Item predictus probator coram prefato coronatore undecimo die mensis Novembris apud Sanctum Botolphum appellat Johannem Taillour de Castre olim comorantem in Grymesby de eo quod ipse die Sabbati proximo post festum sancti Bartholomei Apostuli Anno regni regis Ricardi secundi sexto in domo Ricardi Spenser de Castre ubi Mariona Whitlok moratur dictum probatorem procuravit quod ipse simul cum ipso Willelmum filium Frederici Tylney de Sancto Botolpho super communem stratam inter Castre et Baumburgh die Lune proximo sequente felonice spoliarent Item appellat dictum Johannem Taillour de eo quod ipse die Lune in festo sancti Hugonis Episcopi Anno regni regis Ricardi secundi sexto clausum Roberti Bernake apud Dryby felonice fregit et unum discum argenteum dicti Roberti precii xl solid' furtive cepit et asportavit Et quod ipse simul cum prefato probatore die Mercurii proximo sequente in domo dicti Johannis Taillour apud Castre dictum discum argenteum cum carbonibus marinis liquefecerunt et dictus probator medietatem dicti pecij argentei apud Hull pro una marca vendidit et alteram medietatem dicti pecij argentei apud Barton pro una marca vendidit unde dictus Johannes Taillour recepit unam marcam pro porcione sua - Item appellat Johannem filium Ade de Manfeld Bracebrig de eo quod ipse die Mercurii proximo post festum sancti Mathie Apostuli Anno regni regis Ricardi secundi sexto apud Bracebrig dictum probatorem rogabat et procurabat quod ipse secum die Lune in festo sancti Hugonis Episcopi ad villam de Dryby iret et clausam Roberti Bernak de Dryby ibidem felonice frangerent et ipsum Robertum de omnibus thesauris suis et vasis argenteis furtive expoliarent et optulit ei unum arcum cum sagittis et gladium cum ?parnia et alia arma que secum haberet in minucionem corporis sui ad dictam feloniam faciend' - Item predictus probator coram prefato coronatore apud Sanctum Botolphum duodecimo die mensis Novembris Anno supradicto appellat Johannem Whitlok capellanum de eo quod ipse simul cum prefato probatore die Sabbati videlicet nono die mensis Junij Anno regni regis Ricardi secundi quarto apud London in taberna Walteri Doget in Estchep duas peceas argenteas vocatas Shewers dicti Walteri furtive ceperunt et asportaverunt - Item appellat Willelmum Carpenter de Bracebrig et Aliciam uxorem eius de eo quod ipsi dictum probatorem per quatuor noctes et quatuor dies hospitaverunt scientes ipsum probatorem esse communem latronem et quod predicti Willelmus et Alicia receperunt de dicto probatore pro hospitacione sua duo linthiamina precii xl denar' scientes illa per predictum probatorem esse furtive furata - Item appellat Johannem Sewalle de Chelmesford Johannem Clerk de ?Marnam iuxta Barnet Johannem Brus de Wyltshir et Johannem Bere de Barkshyre de eo quod ipsi simul cum prefato probatore vicesimo die mensis Junij Anno regni regis Ricardi secundi quarto apud Charyngcrouche domum cuiusdam ignoti in comitatu Middlesex' felonice fregerunt et unam togam precii vj solid' viij denar' et unam peciam panni lanei precii xx solid' et unam ollam et unam patellam eneas precii viij denar' ibidem invent' furtive ceperunt et asportaverunt Et modo coram prefatis justiciariis hic venerunt tam predictus probator per custodem gaole ductus quam predicti Johannes Whitlok et Johannes Taillour de Castre occasione appelli predicti capti Et super hoc quesitum est a prefato probatore si ipse appellum suum predictum manutenere velit necne qui dicit quod non Et quia justiciarii nondum avisantur ad iudicium inde reddend' Ideo tam predictus probator quam predicti Johannes Whitlok et Johannes Taillour comittuntur prisone in custodia Oliveri de Barton constabularii et cetera Et quo ad predictos Johannem Cook capellanum et alios per predictum probatorem appellatos preceptum est vicecomiti quod non omitteret et cetera quin capiat eos si et cetera Et salvo et cetera Ita quod habeat corpora eorum coram prefatis justiciariis apud Lincoln' die ... proximo post festum sancti Jacobi Apostuli proximo futuro et cetera |
| Text (English translation) | Lincolnshire: John, son of John Wymerk of Torksey, Lincolnshire, taverner, came before Robert de Pynchebek, coroner of the lord king in the parts of Holland in the county of Lincolnshire, at Boston, viz on the 10th day of the month of November in the sixth year of the reign of King Richard II, and acknowledged that he is a robber of diverse felonies. And he says that he, together with a certain John Whitlok, chaplain, on the seventh day of the month of June in the fourth year of the reign of King Richard II, between Deptford and Shooter's Hill in the county of Kent, feloniously robbed a certain foreign merchant, whose name he does not know, of ten marks of silver, and feloniously killed the same merchant there, whereof the said John, son of John, accuses the said John Whitlok. Item, he accuses John Cook, chaplain, on account that he, together with the aforesaid accuser, on Wednesday next after the feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, in the sixth year of the reign of King Richard II, broke into a certain church in the vill of Stamford, but whether the said church is the church of St John or the church of St George, he does not know, and furtively took and carried away one chalice, worth 20s, and one portable breviary, worth 10s, and one gown, worth 10s, found in the same church. Item, he accuses the aforesaid John Whitlok on account that he was consenting, procuring and abetting [him] to do the said felony. Item, the aforesaid accuser before the aforesaid coroner, on the 11th day of the month of November, at Boston, accuses John Taillour of 'Castre', once living in Grimsby, on account that he, on Saturday next after the feast of St Bartholomew the apostle in the sixth year of the reign of King Richard II, in the house of Richard Spenser of 'Castre', where Marion Whitlok lives, procured the said accuser that he, together with the same man, feloniously robbed William, son of Frederick Tylney of Boston, upon the common street between 'Castre' and 'Baumburgh', on Monday next following. Item, he accuses the said John Taillour on account that he, on Monday on the feast of St Hugh the bishop in the sixth year of the reign of King Richard II, feloniously broke into the close of Robert Bernake at Driby, and furtively took and carried away one silver dish of the said Robert, worth 40s. And that he, together with the aforesaid accuser, on Wednesday next following, in the house of the said John Taillour, at 'Castre', liquified the said silver disc with sea-coal, and the said accuser sold a moiety of the said piece of silver at Hull for one mark, and sold the other moiety of the said piece of silver at Barton for one mark, whereof the said John Taillour received one mark for his portion. Item, he accuses John, son of Adam de Manfeld [of] Bracebridge, on account that he, on Wednesday next after the feast of St Matthew the apostle in the sixth year of the reign of King Richard II, at Bracebridge, asked and procured that the same man, together with himself, on Monday in the feast of St Hugh the bishop should go to the vill of Driby and feloniously break the close of Robert Bernak of Driby there, and furtively robbed the same Robert of all his treasure and silver vessels, and offered to him one bow with arrows and a sword with ... and other armour, which he had with him, towards the blood-letting of his body, to do the said felony. Item, the aforesaid accuser before the aforesaid coroner, at Boston, on the 12th day of the month of November in the abovesaid year, accuses John Whitlok, chaplain, on account that he, together with the aforesaid accuser, on Saturday, viz the 9th day of the month of June [sic] in the fourth year of the month of June in the fourth year of the reign of King Richard II, at London in the tavern of Walter Doget in Eastcheap, furtively took and carried away two pieces of silver called 'shewers' of the said Walter. Item, he accuses William Carpenter of Bracebridge and Alice his wife on account that they harboured the said accuser through four nights and four days, knowing the same accuser to be a common thief, and that the aforesaid William and Alice received from the said accuser for his harbouring two sheets worth 40d, knowing those to have been furtively stolen by the aforesaid accuser. Item, he accuses John Sewalle of Chelmsford, John Clerk of '?Marnam iuxta Barnet', John Brus of Wiltshire, and John Bere of Berkshire, on account that they, together with the aforesaid accuser, on the 20th day of the month of June in the fourth year of the reign of King Richard II, at Charing Cross in the county of Middlesex, feloniously broke into the house of a certain unknown man, and furtively took and carried away one gown, worth 6s 8d, and one piece of woollen cloth, worth 20s, and one brass pot and one brass pan, worth 8s, found there. And now before the aforesaid justices here there came both the aforesaid accuser, having been brought by the keeper of the gaol, and also the aforesaid John Whitlok and John Taillour of 'Castre', having been taken by occasion of the aforesaid accusation. And upon this it is asked of the aforesaid accuser if he wishes to maintain his aforesaid accusation or not, who says that [he does] not. And because the justices are not yet advised to thereupon render judgment, therefore, both the aforesaid accuser and also the aforesaid John Whitlok and John Taillour are committed to prison in the custody of Oliver de Barton, constable, etc. And as regards the aforesaid John Cook, chaplain, and the others, who have been accused by the aforesaid accuser, the sheriff is ordered that he should not omit, etc, from taking them, if, etc. And saving, etc. In such a way that he should have their bodies before the aforesaid justices at Lincoln on ... day next after the feast of St James the apostle next to come, etc. |
| General Information | This document is an approver's appeal taken in Holland in Lincolnshire in November 1382. It is very different in character to the other approver's appeals relating to the revolt, as it mixes up incidents in the revolt with other criminal acts clearly unconnected. For this reason, whilst we have included a full transcript and translation of the document, we have been selective as to which cases are marked up as incidents in the revolt. |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24386 | John | Bere | Male | Berkshire | 4242 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24385 | John | Brus | Male | Wiltshire | 4242 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24384 | John | Clerk | Male | 4242 | Go to participant page | |||
| 24382 | Walter | Doget | Male | Eastcheap,London | 4241 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24321 | Robert | de Pynchebek | Male | Coroner | Coroner | Go to participant page | ||
| 24383 | John | Sewalle | Male | Chelmsford,Essex | 4242 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24323 | ??? | Unknown | Male | Merchant | 4228 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24322 | John | Whitlok | Male | Chaplain | 4241,4228 | Go to participant page | ||
| 24319 | John | Wymerk | Male | Taverner | Torksey,Lincolnshire | 4228,4241 | Go to participant page | |
| 24320 | John | Wymerk | Male | Torksey,Lincolnshire | 4228,4242 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4228 | John Wymerk and John Whitlok rob and kill a foreign merchant | John, son of John Wymerk of Torksey, Lincolnshire, taverner, came before Robert de Pynchebek, coroner of the lord king in the parts of Holland in the county of Lincolnshire, at Boston, viz on the 10th November 1382, and acknowledged that he is a robber of diverse felonies. And he says that he, together with a certain John Whitlok, chaplain, on 7 June 1381, between Deptford and Shooter's Hill in the county of Kent, feloniously robbed a certain foreign merchant, whose name he does not know, of ten marks of silver, and feloniously killed the same merchant there, whereof the said John, son of John, accuses the said John Whitlok. | Homicide: unspecified,Larceny: theft of money | Go to incidents page |
| 4241 | John Wymerk and John Whitlok steal silver from Walter Doget | John Wymerk accuses John Whitlok, chaplain, on account that he, together with the aforesaid accuser, on Saturday 9 June [sic] 1381, at London in the tavern of Walter Doget in Eastcheap, furtively took and carried away two pieces of silver called 'shewers' of the said Walter. | Larceny: theft of money | Go to incidents page |
| 4242 | John Wymerk and others plunder a house in Charing Cross | John Wymerk accuses John Sewalle of Chelmsford, John Clerk of '?Marnam iuxta Barnet', John Brus of Wiltshire, and John Bere of Berkshire, on account that they, together with the aforesaid accuser, on 20 June 1381 at Charing Cross in the county of Middlesex, feloniously broke into the house of a certain unknown man, and furtively took and carried away one gown, worth 6s 8d, and one piece of woollen cloth, worth 20s, and one brass pot and one brass pan, worth 8s, found there. | Larceny: theft of goods,Trespass to chattels: removal of goods | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| ??? Unknown ( 24323 ) | John Wymerk and John Whitlok rob and kill a foreign merchant (4228) | Victim | |
| John Whitlok ( 24322 ) | John Wymerk and John Whitlok rob and kill a foreign merchant (4228) | Accused | |
| John Wymerk ( 24319 ) | John Wymerk and John Whitlok rob and kill a foreign merchant (4228) | Approver | |
| John Wymerk ( 24320 ) | John Wymerk and John Whitlok rob and kill a foreign merchant (4228) | Mentioned | |
| Walter Doget ( 24382 ) | John Wymerk and John Whitlok steal silver from Walter Doget (4241) | Victim | |
| John Whitlok ( 24322 ) | John Wymerk and John Whitlok steal silver from Walter Doget (4241) | Accused | |
| John Wymerk ( 24319 ) | John Wymerk and John Whitlok steal silver from Walter Doget (4241) | Approver | |
| John Bere ( 24386 ) | John Wymerk and others plunder a house in Charing Cross (4242) | Accused | |
| John Brus ( 24385 ) | John Wymerk and others plunder a house in Charing Cross (4242) | Accused | |
| John Clerk ( 24384 ) | John Wymerk and others plunder a house in Charing Cross (4242) | Accused | |
| John Sewalle ( 24383 ) | John Wymerk and others plunder a house in Charing Cross (4242) | Accused | |
| John Wymerk ( 24320 ) | John Wymerk and others plunder a house in Charing Cross (4242) | Approver |
