The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 27/489 rex m. 24d |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Middlesex |
| Text in Original Language | Middlesex. Iurati diversorum hundr' comitatu predicti alias scilicet termin' Sancte Trinitatis anno rr nunc quinto coram dominio Rege [apud; missing] Westminster presentant quod Iohannes Hayward de Elmedon de comitatu Essex Iohannes Hayward junior de comitatu Essex Willelmus Bette de Elmedon skynnere de comitatu Essex et Iohannes Smyth de Elmedon de comitatu Essex die Iovis in festo Corporis Christi et die veneris tunc proxima seqn' anno rr nunc quarto venerunt apud manerium de Savoye et manerium de Clerkenewell et ad manerium Iohannis Botrewyk de Knythbrigge apud Knyghtesbrigge cum multidudine predictorum contra dominum Regem et populum suum et domos predictas infra maneria predicta felonice et proditorie combusserunt et prosternerunt contra pacem et co. - Per quod preceptum fuit vicecomiti quod caperet eos si et co. - Et modo scilicet die martis in vigilia Nativitatis Sancti Iohannis Baptiste isto eodem termino coram domino Rege apud Westminster veniunt predicti Iohannes Hayward de Elmedon Iohannes Hayward junior, Willelmus Bettes et Iohannes Smyth postquam poniti fuerunt in exigend' et reddiderunt se prisone Mar' dom' Reg' occasione predicta qui committantur Mar'. Et statim per Mar' ducti veniunt et protulerunt quoddam breve dom' Reg' clausum Iustic' hic directum in hec verba. - Ricardus dei gratia Rex Anglie et Francie et dominus Hibernie dilectis et fidelibus suis Roberto Tresilian et soc' suis Iustic' ad placita coram nobis tenend' assignand' salutem. Cum de gratia nostra speciali et ad supplicationem comitatis regni nostri Anglie et de assesu prelatorum comitum et baronum eiusdem regni nostri in parliamento nostro apud Westminster die lune in octabis Stancti Michaelis proxima predicto convocato perdonaverimus et remiserimus omnibus et singulis ligeis et regnicolis nostris cuiuscumque status gradus seu condicionis fueruit exceptis illis omnibus quorum nomina alias in parliamentis nostris annis regnis nostri quinto et sexto ab omnia gratia per nos tunc facta excipiend' liberata fuerunt tanquam videlicet principalum inceptorum abettatorum et procuratorum insurrectionis nuper infra regnum nostrum predictum proditoriev suborte unde rettati sunt necnon tribus aliis personis civibus London' qui in dicto parliamento nostro de certis articulis et prodicionibus in dictam insurrecione factis in speciali eciam rettati fuerunt ac omnibus aliis in eadem casu dictorum trium civium vel alicuius eordem plene existentibus ac eciam omnibus et singulis personis ville de Bury Sancti Edmundi similter exceptis sectam pacis nostre que adnos pertinet vel pertinere potuerit pro omnimodis prodicionibus et feloniis in dicta insurrecione inter videlicet primum diem maii anno regn' nostri quarto et festum Nativitatis Sancti Iohannis Baptiste extunc proxima sequn' qualitercumque factis sine perpetratis unde indicati rettati vel appelati fuerunt ac eciam utlagar' si que in ipsos vel ipsorum aliquem hiis occasionibus fuerunt promulgate et firmam pacem nostram eis et eorum cuilibet inde concesserimus. Ita tamen quod stent recto in curia nostra si quis vel qui inde versus eos vel eorum aliquo mandamus quod Iohannem Hayward de Elmedon de comitatu Essex Iohannem Hayward juniorem de comitatus Essex Willelmum Bette de Elmedon skynnere de comitatu Essex et Iohannem Smyth de Elmedon de comitatu Essex si aliqui de personis quarum nomina in parliamentis nostris predictis ab omni' gratia tunc per nos facta excipienmd et predictum est liberate fuerunt non existant contra tenorem grave ac formam remissionis et perdonacionis predictarum non molestetis in aliquo seu gravetis. Teste me ipso apud Westminster xx die jun' anno regni nostri sexto. - Pretextu cuius brevis viso rotulo de nominibus que in dicto parliamento sit excepta fuerunt in cur' hic libertate pro eo quod iidem Iohannes Heyward de Elmedon Iohannes Heyward junior Willelmus Bette et Iohannes Smyth in dicto rotulo inter nomina excepta non continentur cons' est quod iidem Iohannes Heyward de Elmedon Iohannes Heyward junior Willelmus Bette et Iohannes Smyth quo ad felon' et prodiciones predictas virtute gratie et remissionis predicte eant sine die et co. [sine die, in margin]. |
| Text (English translation) | Middlesex. The jurors of the divers hundreds in the aforesaid county at another time, namely in the Trinity term 5 Richard II [1382] before the king's bench presented that John Hayward of Elmdon in the county of Essex, John Hayward junior of the county of Essex, William Bette of Elmdon, skinner, of the county of Essex and John Smyth of Elmdon in the county of Essex on Thursday on the feast of Corpus Christi and on the following Friday, 4 Richard II (13 and 14 June 1381) came to the Savoy manor and to the manor of Clerkenwell and to the manor of John Botrewyk of Knightsbridge at Knightsbridge with a great number of the aforesaid against the peace of the king and his people and feloniously and treacherously burnt down and threw to the ground the houses inside the said manors against the peace, etc. - Wherefore the sheriff has been ordered to arrest them, etc. - And now, namely on the Tuesday the day before the feast of the nativity of St John the Baptist in this term (23 June 1383) before the king's bench come the aforesaid John Hayward of Elmdon, John Hayward junior, William Bette and John Smyth, after they had been put in exigent, they surrendered themselves to the Marshalsea prison of the king to which they were committed. And immediately led from the Marshalsea they come and produce a certain closed writ of the lord king addressed to the Justices in those words: [paraphrase] The king on the supplication of his parliament and with the approval the prelates, dukes, earls and barons grants an amnesty and pardons all persons except those who were named as principal leaders and abettors and except the people of Bury St Edmunds. Therefore, he has granted a pardon to John Hayward, John Hayward junior, William Bette and John Smyth (all of Elmdon) if they are not excluded from the amnesty. They should not be molested further. Dated, Westminster 20 June 1383. Under the authority of this writ the rolls of parliament with the names of those who are excepted are inspected and because John Hayward of Elmdon, John Hayward junior, William Bette and John Smyth are not in this rolls judgement is given that John Hayward, John Hayward junior, William Bette and John Smyth are forgiven all felonies and treasons and that they can go sine die. |
| General Information | The Letter Close quoted in the king's bench case as a way of obtaining a pardon was introduced in the October Parliament 1382. |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20197 | William | Bette | Male | Skinner | Elmdon,Essex | 3885 | Go to participant page | |
| 20199 | John | Botrewyk | Male | Knightsbridge,Middlesex | 3885 | Go to participant page | ||
| 20195 | John | Hayward | Male | Elmdon,Essex | 3885 | Go to participant page | ||
| 20196 | John | Hayward | Male | Elmdon,Essex | 3885 | Go to participant page | ||
| 20198 | John | Smyth | Male | Elmdon,Essex | 3885 | Go to participant page | ||
| 20200 | Robert | Tresilian | Male | Justice | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3885 | John Hawward and others from Elmdon (Essex) are indicted for destruction of the Savoy, Clerkenwell and a house of John Butterwick. | John Hawward sen. and jun., William Bette and John Smyth (all from Elmdon, Essex) are indicted for taking part in the burning down and destruction of the Savoy, Clerkenwell Priory and the house of John Butterwick in Knightsbridge. | Arson: burning of houses,Trespass to land: forcible entry of close and houses | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| William Bette ( 20197 ) | John Hawward and others from Elmdon (Essex) are indicted for destruction of the Savoy, Clerkenwell and a house of John Butterwick. (3885) | Accused | |
| John Botrewyk ( 20199 ) | John Hawward and others from Elmdon (Essex) are indicted for destruction of the Savoy, Clerkenwell and a house of John Butterwick. (3885) | Victim | |
| John Hayward ( 20195 ) | John Hawward and others from Elmdon (Essex) are indicted for destruction of the Savoy, Clerkenwell and a house of John Butterwick. (3885) | Accused | |
| John Hayward ( 20196 ) | John Hawward and others from Elmdon (Essex) are indicted for destruction of the Savoy, Clerkenwell and a house of John Butterwick. (3885) | Accused | |
| John Smyth ( 20198 ) | John Hawward and others from Elmdon (Essex) are indicted for destruction of the Savoy, Clerkenwell and a house of John Butterwick. (3885) | Accused |
