The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 27/484 rex m. 1d |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Essex |
| Published source (may be more than one) | J. A. Sparvel-Bayley, 'Essex in Insurrection, 1381', TEAS 1 (1878), pp. 217-18 [part translation] |
| Text in Original Language | Essex. Iuratores diversorum hundredorum comitat' predicti alias coram Roberto Tresilian et sociis suis iusticiariis domini Regis ad diversa felon' et prodiciones in comitatu predicto audiend' et terminand' assignat'. Presentatum quod Radulphus atte Wode de Bradewell simul cum aliis die lune in crastino Sancte Trinitatis rr Ricardi secundi post conquestum quarto surrexit adversus dominum Rege in congregationibus illicitis ut inimicus Regis et proditorie fuit apud Cressyngtemple et ibidem domos de prioris Sancti Iohannis Iersualem in Anglie fregit et prostravit et bona et catalla sua ibidem cepit et asportavit ac eciam sic continuend' maliciam in diversis partibus comitatu Essexie ivit cum societate sua et libros diversorum dominorum arsit ac eciam domum Iohannis Ewell escheator domini Regis prostravit et bona et catalla sua ad valenciam centum librarum cepit felonice et asportavit et ipsum nequiter interfecit. Item presentant quod Radulphus atte Wode de Bradewell die lune proxima post testum Sancte Trinitatis anno rr Ricardi secundi quarto voluntarie et felonice insurrexit contra pacem domini Regis simul cum aliis de comitiva sua vi et armis transier' usque templum de Cressyng et ibidem domum prosternebat et aramatura vestment' aur' et argent' et alia bona et catalla ad valenciam viginti librarum cepit et asportavit et libr' ibidem ad valenciam viginti marcam arsit et postea transivit usque Coggeshale et ibidem domum Iohannis Sewale vicecomiti Essexie prostravit et aurum et argentum et alia bona et catalla ad valenciam decem librarum cepit et asportavit. Item presentant quod Radulphus atte Wode simul cum aliis eodem die et anno fuit ad domum Edmundi de la Mare in Peldon et ibidem domum predictum felonice et proditorie contra pacem fregit et prostravit et bona et catalla sua ibidem inventa ad valenciam viginti librarum cepit et asportavit. Item presentant quod Radulphus atte Wode fuit communis ductor perverse societas insurgent' et ivit ad domum Edmundi de la Mare cum societate predictam et ipsum Edmundum dispoliaverunt et depredati fuerunt de omnibus bonis et catallis suis et quoddam breve domini Regis patens cum omnibus munimentis officium admiralli super mare tangente dispoliaverunt et asportaverunt super unam furcam a domo predictam usque ad le Milende iuxta London et sic retro ad domum predictam in contemptu domini Regis et offic' predicti. Que quidem indictamenta dominus Rex inter alia coram eo venire fecit terminand'. - Per quod preceptum fuit vicecomiti quod non omitt' et co. et quin caperet eum et co. - Et modo scilicet die mercur' proxima post festum tres septimanas pasche isto eodem termino coram domino Rege apud Westminster venit predictus Radulphus atte Wode in custod' Mar' qui alias in custodia sua certis de causis commissus fuit et allocutus est qualiter de felon' et prodicionibus predictis se velit acquiescare dicit quoad dominus Rex nunc de gratia sua specialiter perdonavit ei sectam pacis sue que ad ipsum pertinent pro omnimodis felon' et proditionibus exceptis et co et per litteras suas patentes quas profert hic in curia in hoc verba. - [pardon for Nicholas Hermare for all felonies and treasons, except participation in the deaths of Sudbury, Hales and Cavendish; dated 20 April 1382] Quarum pretextu idem Radulphus petit ipsum a prisona domini Regis deliberari et co. Et quia cur' nondum avisat' ad cartam predictam allocand' et co. Ideo idem Radulphus remittitur prisone custodia Roberti Bracy Mar' quousque et co. |
| Text (English translation) | Essex. The jurors of divers hundreds in the aforesaid county otherwise before Robert Tresilian and his fellow justices of the lord king appointed to hear and to determine divers felonies and treasons in the aforesaid county presented that Ralph atte Wode of Bradwell (on Sea) with others on Monday on the morrow of Trinity [10 June 1381] rose up against the in unlawful congregations as the king's enemy, and he was treacherously at Cressing Temple and there broke and destroyed the houses of the prior of St John of Jerusalem in England and took and carried away his goods and chattels there and also thus continuing (his) ill-will in divers parts of the county of Essex he went with his society and burnt the books of divers lords , and also he destroyed the house of John Ewell, escheator of the king, and took and carried away goods and chattels to the value of £100, and he wickedly killed him. Also they presented that Ralph atte Wode of Bradwell (on Sea) on Monday after Trinity [10 June 1381] voluntarily and feloniously rose up against the king's peace together with others of his society (and) with force and arms went over to the Temple of Cressing and destroyed the house took and carried away armour, garments, gold and silver, and other goods and chattels to the value of £20, and he burned books there to the value of 20 marks; and afterwards he went over to Coggeshall and there destroyed the house of John Sewale, sheriff of Essex, and took and carried away gold and silver and other goods and chattels to the value of £10. Also they present that Raplh atte Wode of Bradwell (on Sea) was together with others on the same at the house of Edmund de la Mare in Peldon and there he feloniously and treacherously broke and destroyed the aforesaid house, and he took and carried away goods and chattels he found there to the value of £20.society of insurgents Also they present had he was a common leader of the perverse and he went to the house of Edmund de la Mare with his aforesaid society and despoiled and robbed him of all his goods and chattels and they despoiled and carried away a writ patent of the king with all the muniments concerning the office of admiral of the sea, stuck on a pitchfork from the aforesaid house up to Mile End next to London and so back again to the said house in contempt of the king and the aforesaid office. Which indictment the king caused to come before him to decide. Whereby the sheriff had been ordered not to abandon etc. and that he should arrest him. And now, namely on Wednesday three weeks after Easter in the same term [30 April 1382] Ralph atte Wode comes before the King's Bench at Westminster in the custody of the marshal [warden of the Marshalsea prison] who had been committed to his custody for certain causes, and -questioned how he will acquit himself of the said felonies and treasons - he says that the king of his special grace pardoned him and extended his peace to him for the said felonies and treasons by his letters patent which are presented here in court in the following words: [The pardon, dated 20 April 1382, for all felonies and treasons, except participation in the deaths of Sudbury, Hales and Cavendish, is recited] Therefore under the authority of this (pardon) Ralph pleads to be liberated from the king's prison. And because the court is not yet advised to allow the aforesaid charter [pardon] etc. Therefore, the same Ralph is sent back to prison in the custody of Robert Bracy, marshal, etc. |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19963 | Robert | Bracy | Male | Marshalsea Prison,Southwark,Surrey | Mentioned | Go to participant page | ||
| 19960 | John | Ewell | Male | Escheator | 3872 | Go to participant page | ||
| 19962 | Edmund | de la Mare | Male | Peldon,Essex | 3872 | Go to participant page | ||
| 19961 | John | Sewale | Male | Sheriff | Coggeshall,Essex | 3872 | Go to participant page | |
| 19958 | Robert | Tresilian | Male | Justice | Justice | Go to participant page | ||
| 19959 | Ralph | atte Wode | Male | Bradwell on Sea,Essex | 3872 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3872 | Ralph atte Wode indicted for the attacks on Cressing Temple, Coggeshall and Peldon and marsh to Mile End. | Ralph atte Wode indicted for leading the attacks on Cressing Temple, Coggeshall and Peldon; he was an accomplice in the murder of John Ewell, and he carried the admiralty documents on a pitchfork to Mile End and back. | Trespass to land: throwing down of house,Arson: burning of documents,Larceny: theft of goods,Treason: plotting against the King and his subjects,Trespass to chattels: destruction of documents,Homicide: other,Trespass to land: forcible entry of close and houses,Warlike array and insurrection,Treason: words against King and his people,Trespass to chattels: removal of goods | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| John Ewell ( 19960 ) | Ralph atte Wode indicted for the attacks on Cressing Temple, Coggeshall and Peldon and marsh to Mile End. (3872) | Victim | |
| Edmund de la Mare ( 19962 ) | Ralph atte Wode indicted for the attacks on Cressing Temple, Coggeshall and Peldon and marsh to Mile End. (3872) | Victim | |
| John Sewale ( 19961 ) | Ralph atte Wode indicted for the attacks on Cressing Temple, Coggeshall and Peldon and marsh to Mile End. (3872) | Victim | |
| Ralph atte Wode ( 19959 ) | Ralph atte Wode indicted for the attacks on Cressing Temple, Coggeshall and Peldon and marsh to Mile End. (3872) | Accused | Although he had secured a pardon, dated 20 April 1382, he was sent back to goal on 30 April 1382. |
