The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Petition |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA SC 8/76/3794 |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| Published source (may be more than one) | An English summary is available in the TNA catalogue entry, compiled as part of the AHRC project 'Medieval Petitions: A Catalogue of Exchequer, Chancery and Gascon petitions in the National Archives', led by W. Mark Ormrod (2006-7) |
| Text in Original Language | A nostre tresdouce seigneur le Roi et as seigneurs du parlement se pleint greuousement Margerie que fuist la femme Thomas Tany iadis chivaler del collegie de Wyndesore executrice du testament le dit monsieur Thomas que come le jeody en la fest Corporis Christi en la darreine insurrection proclamacion feust facte que chescun persone eiant action title de droit de recover aucuns dettes ou heritages dussent venir a nostre seigneur le Roi al Tourre de Londres et monstrer lour evidences de droit et sur ce reson lour droit seroit facte sanz delaie. Et la dite Margerie et Johan Thorp son eisne fitz sur la dite proclamacion veneront ove une bille de presenter a nostre seigneur le Roi pour recoverer les dettes duez au dite Margerie par virtue del testament son dit baron et force de trois juggements donez et renduz par trois chancellers nostre dit seigneur le roi et ne puroient et adonque avoir leisir de presenter mesme la bille mais lendemeyn samady prochein donerent mesme la bille au Roi nostre seigneur en sa garderobe en londres. Et la ou la piere en dieu lercevesque de Cantebire adonque chanceller dengleterre a juge en celle partie competent avoit sequestre touz les biens et chateux que furent a seigneur William Mugge alors dean de dite college esteantz en les mayns Walter Almaly dean au present du mesme la collegie comandant par lettres patents au dit seigneur Walter sur certeine peine que nulle liveree des ditz biens seroit fait avant que gree fust fait au dite Margerie des dettes dues par le dit seigneur William au dite Margerie par testament susdit Et auyint ou Johan de Thorp filz par issue au dite Margerie avoit certaine mandement par le dit Chanceller de somondre le dit seigneur Walter et seigneur Richard Metford de comparer et respondre devant le chanceller le dit seigneur Walter fist arester le dit Johan Thorp puisne eiant sur lui le dit testament et lui ivist en prisone par trois jours atort et en contempt du roi et pour delaier mesme la pursuyte. Et outre ce le dit seigneur Walter fist arester le dit Johan de Thorp eisne fitz du dite Margerie par Johan Chirche sergeant de Londres et lui [two words illegible] al counter de Londres et de illeoques tanque al Newegate et esteant le dit Johan de Thorp en areste le dit seigneur Walter de grante malice fist assaut a lui et lui batist en son teste et par allours en diverses parties de son corps par quel batement et punissement de son corps en prisone le dit Johan de Thorp prist la mort en la dite prisone de Neugate de Londres et suffisant offrerent as mair et viscontes de Londres cest assavoir adonque mair William Walleworth destre obligez pour le dit Johan de Thorp corps pour corps destre a sa response et a la commune leye mes neparcant il [two words illegible] unques estre deliverez hors de prisone tanque il feust mort. Et outre ceo le dit seigneur Walter ad en agayte la dite [Johan Chirche] de prendre et destruire son corps come il ad destruit son filz issuit que elle demoert en sayntuarie au graunt meschief et nose issir pour doute de mort que plese a vostre tresgraciouse seigneur faire venir les dites parties par devant vostre tres noble presence et ensement le dit Johan Chirch sergeant a dire et confesser par son serment la pleyne verite et sur levidence que vous seigneurs parez par due exammement avoir sur le dite matire faire justice a droit a les parties sanz outre delaier par dieu et en oeuvre de charite. |
| Text (English translation) | To our sweetest Lord the King and to the lords of parliament, Margery who was the wife of Thomas Tady lately knight of the College of Windsor and executrix of the will of the said Thomas shows that on the Thursday of the feast of Corpus Christi in the late insurrection [13 June 1381] a proclamation was made that each person having an action of right to title to recover any debts or inheritances should come to our Lord the King at the Tower of London and show evidences of their right and upon this justice should be done without delay. And upon the said proclamation Margery and John Thorp her oldest son went to present to our Lord the King a bill to recover the debts due to the said Margery by virtue of the will of her said husband and the effect of three judgements given and rendered by three chancellors of our said Lord the King and they could not and did not have occasion to present the same bill but on the day after the Saturday following [sic. The day after was actually Friday 14 June] they gave the same bill to our Lord the King in his wardrobe in London. And that whereas the father in God the Archbishop of Canterbury lately Chancellor of England had judged that party competent to sequestrate all the goods and chattels which belonged to William Mugge then Dean of the said college at present in the hands of Walter Almaly present Dean of the said college ordering the said Walter by letters patent under a certain penalty that no dispersal of the said goods should be made before payment was made to the said Margery of the debts owed by the said William to the said Margery by the aforesaid will. And whereas John de Thorp junior son of Margery [Johan de Thorp filz par issue au dite Margerie] had a certain command by the said Chancellor to summon the said Lord Walter and Lord Richard Metford to appear and respond before the Chancellor, the said Lord Walter arrested the said John Thorp junior [puisne] who had on him the said will and sent him to prison for three days injuriously and in contempt of the King and to delay the process. And further the said Lord Walter arrested the said John de Thorp the eldest son of the said Margery by John Chirche sergeant of London and [took] him to the London compter and thence to Newgate and while John was being arrested the said Lod Walter with great malice assaulted him and hit him on the head and also on other parts of his body by which blows and punishment of his body in prison the said John de Thorp died in the said prison of Newgate in London and sufficient offers were made to the Mayor and Sheriffs of London that is to say William Walworth at that time Mayor of London to mainprise the said John de Thorp body for body to respond according to the common law but nevertheless [he was not] at any time delivered out of prison so that he died. And upon this the said Lord Walter engaged the said [John Chirche] to take and destroy her body as he had destroyed her younger son so that she remains in sanctuary to great mischief and nuisance for fear of death. May it please your most gracious Lord to make the parties appear before your most noble presence and likewise the said John Chirche sergeant to speak and confess by his oath and on the evidence that you lords prepare by due examination make justice and right to the parties without delay by God and as a work of charity. |
| General Information | [c. 1382] Clearly relates to the aftermath of the Peasants' Revolt in London. Walworth, mayor during the revolt, is described as the former mayor, and left office on 9 November 1381. The Archbishop of Canterbury is mentioned as the former Chancellor, but appears still to be alive, and hence must be William Courtenay, successor in both posts of the murdered Simon Sudbury, but who left the chancellorship on 30 November 1381. The petition probably dates from soon after the events described. |
People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18981 | Walter | Almaly | Male | Dean | College of Windsor,Windsor,Berkshire | 3817 | Go to participant page | |
| 18978 | John | Chirch | Male | Sergeant | London | 3817 | Go to participant page | |
| 18977 | Richard | Metford | Male | 3817 | Go to participant page | |||
| 18980 | William | Mugge | Male | Dean | College of Windsor,Windsor,Berkshire | 3817 | Go to participant page | |
| 18974 | Margery | Tany | Female | 3817 | Go to participant page | |||
| 18973 | Thomas | Tany | Male | Knight | St George's Chapel,Windsor,Berkshire | 3817 | Go to participant page | |
| 18975 | John | Thorp | Male | 3817 | Go to participant page | |||
| 18976 | John | de Thorp | Male | 3817 | Go to participant page | |||
| 18979 | William | Walleworth | Male | Mayor | London | 3817 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3817 | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son | Margery, widow of Thomas Tany and executrix of his testament, states that on Corpus Christi during the last insurrection, a proclamation was made that anyone with an action, title or right to recover any debts or inheritances should come to the King at the Tower of London with their evidence, and justice would be done to them: so she and her eldest son went to claim the debts owed to her through her husband's testament; and Walter Almaly, Dean of the College of Windsor was ordered to pay her. However, he had both her sons arrested, and beat the elder so badly that he died, and is now lying in wait for her, so that she has fled to sanctuary. She asks that the parties be ordered to come before the King, and also John Chirch, sergeant of London, who arrested her elder son, to confess the truth of the matter on oath, and that the King might do justice to the parties without delay, on the evidence obtained by this examination. | Homicide: beating,Abuse of legal procedure: false accusation | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Walter Almaly ( 18981 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Mentioned | |
| John Chirch ( 18978 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Mentioned | |
| William Courtenay ( 12871 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Mentioned | |
| Richard Metford ( 18977 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Mentioned | |
| William Mugge ( 18980 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Mentioned | |
| Margery Tany ( 18974 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Petitioner | |
| Thomas Tany ( 18973 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Mentioned | |
| John Thorp ( 18975 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Mentioned | |
| John de Thorp ( 18976 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Mentioned | |
| William Walleworth ( 18979 ) | Petition from Margery Tany concerning the death of her son (3817) | Mentioned |
