The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 9/166/1 m. 81 |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Norfolk |
| Text in Original Language | Galhowe et Brothercros Iurati presentant quod Iohannes Spayne de Lenne Episcopi cordewaner in Gresmarket Thomas filius Thome Paynot de eadem Thomas Colyn cissor de eadem Iohannes Whetewonge webster Henricus Cornyssh glovere et Walterus Skynnere de Lenn Episcopi fuerunt capitales ductores et congregatores populi iam noviter contra pacem et preiudicium corone domini Regis levati die lune proxima post festum Corporis Christi anno regni Regis Ricardi secundi post conquestum quarto apud Lenn Episcopi ceperunt Iohannem Sybylye et ipsum ibidem minati fuerunt decapitasse et sic ibidem in custodio detinuerunt per unum diem et dimidium et ibidem felonice decapitaverunt quondam hominem de Flandrie cuius nomine ignorantur. Item dicunt quod Thomas Soppe de Kyrkeby simul cum aliis ignotis et Iohannes Tynkere de Brunham Sancti Andreas die iovis proxima post festum de Corporis Christi anno regni Regis Ricardi secundi post conquestum quarto apud Brunham tempore insurrecionis et rumoris felonice furati fuerunt de Edmundo Gurnay unam malam precii xl s. Et fuerunt communes robbatores perturbatores pacis. Item dicunt quod Iohannes Bokelerman nuper manens in Wesenham fuit nuncius de villa in villam et de patria in patriam videlicet de Rugham et usque Flegg ad levandum gentem contra pacem domini Regis tempore insurrecionis et rumoris in comitatu Norffolchie. Item dicunt quod Iohannes Richonde de Walton fuit capitalis ductor populi et gentium tempore insurrecionis et rumoris videlicet die mercurii proxima post festum de Corpore Christi anno supradicto apud Brunham simul cum aliis malefactoribus persequebatur Edmundum Gurnay et Iohannem de Holkham ad interficiendum et decapitandum et Willelmum Dantre ibidem cepit et dispoliavit enormiter et xx s. in pecunia numerate de ipso Willelmo ibidem felonice cepit et asportavit. Et est communis malefactor. Et predictus Iohannes Richonde fecit diversas proclamaciones ad levandum gentem ad predictos Edmundum et Iohannem Holkham interficiendum et sic equitavit de Holm usque Brunham insiduandum ubi predicti Edmundum et Iohannem Holkham arripere vellent. Item dicunt quod Thomas Keneman de Holm iuxta Mare simul cum aliis ignotis apud Holm iuxta Mare persequebatur Edmundum Gurnay et Iohannem de Holkham ad ipsos interficiendum et decapitandum et abinde usque in mari per xx leucas cum quadam batella in maximum affraiamentum predictorum Edmundi et Iohanni. Ita quod de vita eorumdem disperabatur contra pacem domini Regis. Et sic dictos Edmundum et Iohannem fugavit usque ad portum de Brunham ad dictos Edmundum et Iohannem interficiendum et decollandum. Item dicunt quod Thomas Skynnere de Hempton simul cum aliis ignotis venit apud Toftrys die martis proxima post festum de Corpore Christi anno supradicto et ibidem cepit quendam finem de xiii s. iiii d. de Iohanne Stevene de Toftrys vel aliter domos suos prostraret et postea cum idem Thomas cum audisset quod pax domini Regis proclamata fuisset idem Thomas simul cum aliis ignotis revenit ad dictum Iohannem videlicet die dominica proxima sequente et ei minatus fuit de vita et membris cum gladiis extractis et protulit quandam literam quiete clamancie de omnimodis actionibus et nisi dictam literam sigillare vellet ipsum Iohannem interficeret et decollaret contra pacem domini Regis. Item dicunt quod Thomas Pipere de Southcrayke decollatus simul cum aliis ignotis venit apud Southcreyke die mercurii proxima post festum de Corpore Christi anno supradicto et ibidem Margaretam uxorem Nicholi Breton minatus fuit quod nisi ei dare vellet xiii s. iiii d. aliter illuc duceret quandam societatem de ducentis hominibus ad domos suas prostrandum et bona sua destruendum contra pacem domini Regis et in preiudicium corone dicti domini Regis et sic per metum mortis et in salvacione domorum suarum predicta Margareta prefato Thome predictos xiii s. iiii d. deliberavit et idem Thomas denarios asportavit contra pacem domini Regis. |
| Text (English translation) | Gallow and Brothercross The jurors present that John Spayne of King's Lynn, cordwainer of Norfolk Street, King's Lynn, Thomas son of Thomas Paynot of the same, Thomas Colyn, tailor of the same, John Whetewonge, weaver, Henry Cornyssh, glover and Walter Skynnere of King's Lynn, chief leaders and congregators of the people risen recently against the peace and in prejudice of the king's crown, seized John Sybylye on Monday 17th June 1381 at King's Lynn and threatened to behead him, and there they kept him in custody for one and a half days, and at the same place feloniously beheaded certain man of Flanders whose names are unknown. Also they say that Thomas Soppe of Kirby Cane along with others unknown and John Tynkere of Burnham Market on Thursday 20th June 1381 at Burnham, at the time of the uprising and rumour feloniously stole a bag worth 40 s. from Edmund Gurnay, and they were common robbers and disturbers of the peace. Also they say that John Bokelerman, recently dwelling in Weasenham , was a messenger from village to village and region to region, namely from Rougham as far as Flegg, raising the people against the king at the time of the insurrection and rumour in the county of Norfolk. Also they say that John Richonde of Walton was a chief leader of the people in the time of insurrection and rumour, namely on Wednesday 19th June 1381 at Burnham, and along with other wrongdoers he pursued Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham to kill and decapitate them, and there he seized William Dantre and wickedly despoiled him and he feloniously took and carried away 20 s. in money from the same William at the same place. And he is a common wrongdoer. And the aforesaid John Richonde made various proclamations to incite the people to kill the aforesaid Edmund Gurnay and John Holkham, and thus he rode from Holme up to Burnham to lay in wait when the aforesaid Edmund and John would come ashore. Also they say that Thomas Keneman of Holme-next-the-Sea together with others unknown at Holme-next-the-Sea pursued Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham to kill and behead them, thence by sea for 20 leagues in a certain boat, to the great terror of the aforesaid Edmund and John, so that they despaired of their lives, against the king's peace. And thus he [Thomas] pursued the said Edmund and John as far as the port of Burnham, to kill and behead the said Edmund and John. Also they say that Thomas Skynnere of Hempton along with others unknown came to Toftrees on Tuesday 18th June 1381 and there took a certain fine of 13 s. 4 d. from John Stevene of Toftrees, or otherwise he would tear down his houses, and afterwards the same Thomas, hearing that the king's peace had been proclaimed, returned with others unknown to the said John, namely on the next Sunday (23rd June 1381), and threatened his life and limb with a drawn sword, and produced a certain letter of quitclaim for all kinds of actions, and if he [John] did not want to sign the said letter the same John would have been killed and beheaded, against the king's peace. Also they say that Thomas Pipere of South Creake, beheaded, along with others unknown, came to South Creake on Wednesday 19th June 1381 and threatened Margaret wife of Nicholas Breton that if she did not give them 13 s. 4 d. they would lead a certain society of 200 men to throw down her houses and to destroy her goods, against the king's peace and in prejudice of the crown of the said king, and thus in fear of death and to save her houses the said Margaret delivered up to the aforesaid Thomas the said 13 s. 4 d., and the same Thomas carried the money away, against the king's peace. |
People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10202 | John | Bokelerman | Male | Weasenham All Saints,Norfolk | 3150 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10210 | Margaret | Breton | Female | 3154 | Go to participant page | |||
| 11484 | Nicholas | Breton | Male | 3154 | Go to participant page | |||
| 10194 | Thomas | Colyn | Male | Tailor | King's Lynn,Norfolk | 3148 | Go to participant page | |
| 10196 | Henry | Cornyssh | Male | Glover | 3148 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10205 | William | Dantre | Male | 3151 | Go to participant page | |||
| 10201 | Edmund | Gurnay | Male | 3149,3151,3152 | Go to participant page | |||
| 10204 | John | de Holkham | Male | 3151,3152 | Go to participant page | |||
| 10206 | Thomas | Keneman | Male | Holme-next-the-Sea,Smithdon Hundred,Norfolk | 3152 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10193 | Thomas | Paynot | Male | King's Lynn,Norfolk | 3148 | Go to participant page | ||
| 11482 | Thomas | Paynot | Male | King's Lynn,Norfolk | 3148 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10209 | Thomas | Pipere | Male | South Creake,Norfolk | 3154 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10203 | John | Richonde | Male | East Walton,Norfolk | 3151 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10207 | Thomas | Skynnere | Male | Hempton,Gallow Hundred,Norfolk | 3153 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10197 | Walter | Skynnere | Male | King's Lynn,Norfolk | 3148 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10199 | Thomas | Soppe | Male | Kirby Cane,Norfolk | 3149 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10192 | John | Spayne | Male | Cordwainer | King's Lynn,Norfolk | 3148 | Go to participant page | |
| 10208 | John | Stevene | Male | Toftrees,Norfolk | 3153 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10198 | John | Sybylye | Male | 3148 | Go to participant page | |||
| 10200 | John | Tynkere | Male | Burnham Market,Norfolk | 3149 | Go to participant page | ||
| 10195 | John | Whetewonge | Male | Weaver | 3148 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3150 | John Bokelerman rides from village to village to raise the people | [The jurors] also say that John Bokelerman, recently dwelling in Weasenham, was a messenger from village to village and region to region, namely from Rougham as far as Flegg, raising the people against the king at the time of the insurrection and rumour in the county of Norfolk. | Raising the commons: riding | Go to incidents page |
| 3151 | John Richonde pursues Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham and plunders William Dantre | [The jurors] also say that John Richonde of Walton was a chief leader of the people in the time of insurrection and rumour, namely on Wednesday 19th June 1381 at Burnham, and along with other wrongdoers he pursued Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham to kill and decapitate them, and there he seized William Dantre and wickedly despoiled him and he feloniously took and carried away 20 s. in money from the same William at the same place. And he is a common wrongdoer. And the aforesaid John Richonde made various proclamations to incite the people to kill the aforesaid Edmund Gurnay and John Holkham, and thus he rode from Holme up to Burnham to lay in wait when the aforesaid Edmund and John would come ashore. | Trespass to person: abduction,Raising the commons: proclamations,Larceny: theft of money,Trespass to person: threats | Go to incidents page |
| 3148 | John Spayne and others seize John Sybylye and behead men of Flanders | The jurors present that John Spayne of King's Lynn, cordwainer of Norfolk Street, King's Lynn, Thomas son of Thomas Paynot of the same, Thomas Colyn, tailor of the same, John Whetewonge, weaver, Henry Cornyssh, glover and Walter Skynnere of King's Lynn, chief leaders and congregators of the people risen recently against the peace and in prejudice of the king's crown, seized John Sybylye on Monday 17th June 1381 at King's Lynn and threatened to behead him, and there they kept him in custody for one and a half days, and at the same place feloniously beheaded certain man of Flanders whose names are unknown. | Homicide: beheading,Trespass to person: abduction | Go to incidents page |
| 3152 | Thomas Keneman pursues Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham by sea | [The jurors] also say that Thomas Keneman of Holme-next-the-Sea together with others unknown at Holme-next-the-Sea pursued Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham to kill and behead them, thence by sea for 20 leagues in a certain boat, to the great terror of the aforesaid Edmund and John, so that they despaired of their lives, against the king's peace. And thus he [Thomas] pursued the said Edmund and John as far as the port of Burnham, to kill and behead the said Edmund and John. | Unspecified,Trespass to person: threats,Trespass to person: assault | Go to incidents page |
| 3154 | Thomas Pipere threatens and takes a fine from Margaret de Breton | [The jurors] also say that Thomas Pipere of South Creake, beheaded, along with others unknown, came to South Creake on Wednesday 19th June 1381 and threatened Margaret wife of Nicholas Breton that if she did not give them 13 s. 4 d. they would lead a certain society of 200 men to throw down her houses and to destroy her goods, against the king's peace and in prejudice of the crown of the said king, and thus in fear of death and to save her houses the said Margaret delivered up to the aforesaid Thomas the said 13 s. 4 d., and the same Thomas carried the money away, against the king's peace. | Trespass to chattels: extortion and forcible fine ,Trespass to person: threats | Go to incidents page |
| 3153 | Thomas Skynnere threatens and takes a fine from John Stevene | [The jurors] also say that Thomas Skynnere of Hempton along with others unknown came to Toftrees on Tuesday 18th June 1381 and there took a certain fine of 13 s. 4 d. from John Stevene of Toftrees, or otherwise he would tear down his houses, and afterwards the same Thomas, hearing that the king's peace had been proclaimed, returned with others unknown to the said John, namely on the next Sunday (23rd June 1381), and threatened his life and limb with a drawn sword, and produced a certain letter of quitclaim for all kinds of actions, and if he [John] did not want to sign the said letter the same John would have been killed and beheaded, against the king's peace. | Trespass to chattels: extortion and forcible fine ,Trespass to person: threats | Go to incidents page |
| 3149 | Thomas Soppe and John Tynkere steal from Edmund Gurnay | [The jurors] also say that Thomas Soppe of Kirby Cane along with others unknown and John Tynkere of Burnham Market on Thursday 20th June 1381 at Burnham, at the time of the uprising and rumour feloniously stole a bag worth 40 s. from Edmund Gurnay, and they were common robbers and disturbers of the peace. | Trespass to chattels: removal of goods,Larceny: theft of goods | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| John Bokelerman ( 10202 ) | John Bokelerman rides from village to village to raise the people (3150) | Accused | |
| William Dantre ( 10205 ) | John Richonde pursues Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham and plunders William Dantre (3151) | Victim | |
| Edmund Gurnay ( 10201 ) | John Richonde pursues Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham and plunders William Dantre (3151) | Victim | |
| John de Holkham ( 10204 ) | John Richonde pursues Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham and plunders William Dantre (3151) | Victim | |
| John Richonde ( 10203 ) | John Richonde pursues Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham and plunders William Dantre (3151) | Accused | |
| Thomas Colyn ( 10194 ) | John Spayne and others seize John Sybylye and behead men of Flanders (3148) | Accused | |
| Henry Cornyssh ( 10196 ) | John Spayne and others seize John Sybylye and behead men of Flanders (3148) | Accused | |
| Thomas Paynot ( 10193 ) | John Spayne and others seize John Sybylye and behead men of Flanders (3148) | Accused | |
| Thomas Paynot ( 11482 ) | John Spayne and others seize John Sybylye and behead men of Flanders (3148) | Mentioned | |
| Walter Skynnere ( 10197 ) | John Spayne and others seize John Sybylye and behead men of Flanders (3148) | Accused | |
| John Spayne ( 10192 ) | John Spayne and others seize John Sybylye and behead men of Flanders (3148) | Accused | |
| John Sybylye ( 10198 ) | John Spayne and others seize John Sybylye and behead men of Flanders (3148) | Victim | |
| John Whetewonge ( 10195 ) | John Spayne and others seize John Sybylye and behead men of Flanders (3148) | Accused | |
| Edmund Gurnay ( 10201 ) | Thomas Keneman pursues Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham by sea (3152) | Victim | |
| John de Holkham ( 10204 ) | Thomas Keneman pursues Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham by sea (3152) | Victim | |
| Thomas Keneman ( 10206 ) | Thomas Keneman pursues Edmund Gurnay and John de Holkham by sea (3152) | Accused | |
| Margaret Breton ( 10210 ) | Thomas Pipere threatens and takes a fine from Margaret de Breton (3154) | Victim | |
| Nicholas Breton ( 11484 ) | Thomas Pipere threatens and takes a fine from Margaret de Breton (3154) | Mentioned | |
| Thomas Pipere ( 10209 ) | Thomas Pipere threatens and takes a fine from Margaret de Breton (3154) | Accused | |
| Thomas Skynnere ( 10207 ) | Thomas Skynnere threatens and takes a fine from John Stevene (3153) | Accused | |
| John Stevene ( 10208 ) | Thomas Skynnere threatens and takes a fine from John Stevene (3153) | Victim | |
| Edmund Gurnay ( 10201 ) | Thomas Soppe and John Tynkere steal from Edmund Gurnay (3149) | Victim | |
| Thomas Soppe ( 10199 ) | Thomas Soppe and John Tynkere steal from Edmund Gurnay (3149) | Accused | |
| John Tynkere ( 10200 ) | Thomas Soppe and John Tynkere steal from Edmund Gurnay (3149) | Accused |
