The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 9/166/1 m. 43 |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Suffolk |
| Published source (may be more than one) | The first two enrolled pleas concerning John Potter and George de Dounesby are in Powell, pp. 126-7 |
| Text in Original Language | Placita corone apud Mildynhale coram Willelmo de Ufford comite Suffolchie Rogero Skales Thome de Morieux Willelmo de Elmham Iohanne de Bourgh et Willelmo de Wyngefeld die iovis proxima post festum Nativitate Sancti Iohannis Baptiste anno regni Regis Ricardi secundi post conquestum quarto. Suffolchie. Iohannes Poter de Somerton Fullere coram prefatis iusticiariis impetitus est per Iohannem de Pole nuper camerarium domini Iohannis de Cavendyssh nuper capitalis iusticiarii domini regis de eo quod ipse die veneris proxima post festum Corporis Christi anno regni regis nunc quarto fuit apud Lakyngheth et ibidem cum magna potestate et modo guerrini surexit contra dominum regem et corone dignitatem et ibidem die et anno supradictis predictus Iohannes Poter prodiciose et felonice presens abbetavit et procuravit alios proditores et inimicos domini regis predictum dominum Iohannem de Cavendyssh ad interficiendum. Et super hoc predictus Iohannes Poter captus. Et modo coram prefatis iusticiariis per vicecomitem ductus allocutus est qualiter de feloniis et prodicionibus predictis se velit acquietare dicit quod ipse in nullo est inde culpabilis et de hoc de bono et malo ponit se super patriam. Ideo fiat inde iurata Iuratores veniunt qui de consensu ipsius Iohannis Poter ad hoc electi et iurati dicunt super sacramentum suum quod predictus Iohannes Poter de Somerton Fullere est culpabilis de felonis et prodicionibus sibi impositas. Ideo consideratum est quod Iohannes Poter decapitetur et quod caput suum figatur super collistridium et co. per quod inquiratur de terries et catallis et co. decollatus Placita corone apud villam de Sancto Edmundo coram prefatis iusticiariis die sabbati in festo apostolorum Petri et Pauli anno regni regis Ricardi secundi post conquestum quinto. Suffolchie. Georgius de Dounesby de comitatu Lincoln impetitus est per Iohannem Osebern' aldermannum ville predicte et per plures homines fidedignos eiusdem ville de eo quod ipse isto eodem die venit apud Sanctum Edmundum et ibidem consulit diversis homines eiusdem ville surgere contra dominum regem et fideles ligeos dicti domini regis precipiendo et eis firmiter iniungendo quod ipsi surgerent sub pena forisfactorum vite et membrorum. Et ulterius dixit quod ipse est nuncius magni societatis et missus est ad villam Sancti Edmundi predicti ad faciendum communitatem eiusdem villae surgere. Et super hoc captus et coram prefatis iusticiariis per vicecomitem ductus et instanter allocutus est qualiter de feloniis et prodicionibus predictis se velit acquietare quiquidem Georgius coram prefatis iusticiariis omnes felonias et prodiciones sibi impositas sponte et non vi cognovit et bene et aperte sustinuit. Ideo consideratum est quod Georgius de Dounesby decapitetur et quod caput suum figatur super collistridium etc. per quod inquiratur de terris et catallis. decollatus Suffolchie. Iohannes Wryghte de Sancto Edmundo impetitus est per totam communitatem eiusdem ville de Sancto Edmundo de eo quod ipse fuit capitalis' surrector et ductor multorum diversorum hominum contra dominum regem et ligeanciam suam per totam libertatem Sancti Edmundi et fecit proclamaciones in diversis villis comitatus predicti ad exitandum et confortandum populum contra dominum regem surgere. Et super hoc captus et coram prefatis iusticiariis per vicecomitem ductus et allocutus est qualiter de feloniis et producionibus predictis se velit acquitare quiquidam Iohannes ibidem sponte cognovit et sustinuit omnes feloniis et produciones sibi impositas. Ideo consideratum est quod predictus Iohannes Wryghte decapitetur per quod inquiratur de terris et catallis etc. decollatus Placita apud Hadleygh coram prefatis comite Thome de Morieux Willelmo de Elmham Iohanne de Bourgh Willelmo Wyngefeld Iohanne de Holkham et Roberto de Hotot iusticiariis domini regis die lune proxima post festum apostolorum Petri et Pauli anno regni Ricardi secundi quinto. Suffolchie. Iohannes atte Cros de Shelland impetitus fuit coram prefatis iusticiariis per Robertum de Hessete de eo quod ipse die veneris proxima post festum Corporis Christi anno regni regis nunc quarto et per totum tempus levacionis fuit communis levator et unus de principalibus ductores et fecit diversos homines surgere in comitatu predicto contra dominum regem et fiat ligeos suos. Et super hoc captus est per vicecomitem ductus coram prefatis iusticiariis. Et modo allocutus est qualiter de feloniis et producionibus predictis se velit acquietare qui dicit quod non est culpabile de feloniis et producionibus sibi impositas'. Ideo fiat inde iurata. Iuratores veniunt qui de consensu predictis Iohannis atte Cros dicunt super sacramentum suum quod predictus Iohannes atte Cros de Shelland est culpabile de feloniis et prodicionibus unde impetitus est. Ideo consideratum est quod predictus Iohannes atte Cros de Shellond decapitatur et quod caput suum figatur super collistridium etc. per quod inquiratur de terris et catallis. decollatus Suffolchie. Adam Rogges de Aldham Baylly captus pro suspectione et coram prefatis iusticiarii per vicecomitem ductus et instanter per Iohannem Bailly servientem Willelmi Berard manerii sui de Watlesfeld impetitus est de eo quod ipse die veneris proxima post festum corporis christi anno regni regis nunc quarto surexit contra dominum regem et ligeanciam suam et fecit diversas villas eiusdem comitatus surgere et duxit magna societatem hundredi de Bebb' ad domum Willelmi Berard apud Watlesfeld et ibidem depredavit predictum Willelmum de duobus equis xii porcis frumentum braseum et de aliis bonis et catallis ad valenciam x li. ibidem inventis felonice depredauit et asportauit. Et modo allocutus est qualiter de feloniis et productionibus predictis se velit acquietare quiquidem Iohannes ad premissa sibi impositas non respondet set expresse cognovit quod ipse habuit pro parte sua unum equum precii xl s. Ideo consideratum est quod predictus Adam decapitetur et quod capud suum figatur super collistridium ville de Hadleigh per quod inquiratur de terris et catallis decollatus. |
| Text (English translation) | Crown pleas at Mildenhall before William de Ufford, Earl of Suffolk, Roger Skales, Thomas de Morieux, William de Elmham, John de Bourgh and William de Wyngefeld, Thursday 27th June 1381. Suffolk. John Poter of Somerton, fuller, accused before the aforesaid justices by John de Pole, lately chamberlain of Lord John de Cavendyssh, lately the king's chief justice, that on Friday 14th June 1381 he was at Lakenheath, and with a great force and in warlike manner he rose up against the king and the dignity of the crown, and on the same day and abovesaid year the aforesaid John Poter treacherously and feloniously in person abetted and caused other traitors and enemies of the king to kill the aforesaid Lord John de Cavendyssh. And because of this the aforesaid John Poter has been arrested, and brought before the aforesaid justices by the sheriff it was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid, he declares that he is in no way guilty, and puts himself upon the country. Therefore, it is ordered that the jurors should come and were elected with the assent of the said John Poter and the jurors say on their oath that the aforesaid John Poter of Somerton, fuller, is guilty of the felony and treason of which he is accused. Judgement is therefore given that he should be beheaded, and his head placed upon the pillory etc., and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). Crown pleas held at the town of Bury St Edmunds before the aforesaid justices, on Saturday 29th June 1381. Suffolk. George de Dounesby of the county of Lincoln accused by John Osebern, alderman of the aforesaid town, and by many good men of the same town, that on the same day he came to Bury St Edmunds and advised various men of the same village to rise up against the king and his faithful followers, ordering and commanding them to rise up under penalty of forfeiting life and limb. And furthermore, they say that he is a messenger of a great company and was sent to the town of Bury St Edmunds to make the people of that town rise up. Because of this he has been arrested, and brought before the justices by the sheriff, it was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid, and George before the said justices freely and without force admits and upholds well and clear all felonies and treasons he was charged with. Judgement is therefore given that George de Dounesby should be beheaded, and his head placed upon the pillory, and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). Suffolk. John Wryghte of Bury St Edmunds was accused by the whole community of that town of being the chief rebel and leader of many men, against the king and his allegiance, throughout the liberty of the town, and of making proclamations in various villages in the aforesaid county, inciting and encouraging the people to rise against the king. Because of this he has been arrested and brought before the justices by the sheriff. It was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid, and the same John freely admits and upholds all felonies and treasons he was charged with to him. Judgement is therefore given that John Wryghte should be beheaded, and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). Pleas held at Hadleigh before the aforesaid Earl, Thomas de Morieux, William de Elmham, John de Bourgh, William Wyngefeld, John de Holkham and Robert de Hotot, king's justices, Monday 1st July 1381. Suffolk. John atte Cros of Shelland was accused before the aforesaid justices by Robert de Hessete that on Friday 14th June 1381 and throughout the time of the rising he was a common rebel and one of the chief leaders, and made various men rise in the aforesaid county against the king and his followers. Because of this he has been arrested and brought before the justices by the sheriff. It was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid, and he declares that he is not guilty of the felonies and treasons of which he is charged. The jurors come and say on their oath that John atte Cros of Shelland is guilty of the felonies and treasons of which he has been accused. Judgement is therefore given that the aforesaid John atte Cros of Shelland should be beheaded, and his head placed upon the pillory, and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). Suffolk. Adam Rogges of Aldham, bailiff, arrested on suspicion and brought before the justices by the sheriff, and immediately accused by John Bailly, servant of William Berard of the manor of Whatfield, that on Friday 14th June 1381 he rose against the king and his followers and made various villages of the same county rise up, and led a great company of the hundred of Babergh to the house of William Berard at Whatfield and plundered from the said William two horses, twelve pigs, corn, malt, and feloniously plundered and carried away other goods and chattels worth £10. And it was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid. He does not respond to the charges set forth by John, but clearly acknowledges that he had for his part one horse worth 40 s. Judgement is therefore given that the aforesaid Adam should be beheaded, and his head placed upon the pillory of the village of Hadleigh, and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9455 | John | Bailly | Male | Servant | Whatfield,Suffolk | 3019 | Go to participant page | |
| 9456 | William | Berard | Male | Whatfield,Suffolk | 3019 | Go to participant page | ||
| 9447 | John | de Cavendyssh | Male | King's justice | 3015 | Go to participant page | ||
| 9452 | John | Cros | Male | Shelland,Suffolk | 3018 | Go to participant page | ||
| 9449 | George | de Dounesby | Male | Lincolnshire | 3016 | Go to participant page | ||
| 9453 | Robert | de Hessete | Male | 3018 | Go to participant page | |||
| 9450 | John | Osebern | Male | Alderman | Bury St Edmunds,Suffolk | 3016 | Go to participant page | |
| 9446 | John | de Pole | Male | Chamberlain | 3015 | Go to participant page | ||
| 9445 | John | Poter | Male | Fuller | East Somerton,Norfolk | 3015 | Go to participant page | |
| 9454 | Adam | Rogges | Male | Bailiff | Aldham,Suffolk | 3019 | Go to participant page | |
| 9451 | John | Wryghte | Male | Bury St Edmunds,Suffolk | 3017 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3019 | Adam Rogges leads a company to plunder the house of William Berard | Suffolk. Adam Rogges of Aldham, bailiff, arrested on suspicion and brought before the justices by the sheriff, and immediately accused by John Bailly, servant of William Berard of the manor of Whatfield, that on Friday 14th June 1381 he rose against the king and his followers and made various villages of the same county rise up, and led a great company of the hundred of Babergh to the house of William Berard at Whatfield and plundered from the said William two horses, twelve pigs, corn, malt, and feloniously plundered and carried away other goods and chattels worth £10. And it was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid. He does not respond to the charges set forth by John, but clearly acknowledges that he had for his part one horse worth 40 s. Judgement is therefore given that the aforesaid Adam should be beheaded, and his head placed upon the pillory of the village of Hadleigh, and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). | Raising the commons: other,Trespass to chattels: removal of goods,Larceny: theft of goods,Larceny: theft of livestock | Go to incidents page |
| 3016 | George de Dounesby raises up the people of Bury St Edmunds | Suffolk. George de Dounesby of the county of Lincoln accused by John Osebern, alderman of the aforesaid town, and by many good men of the same town, that on the same day he came to Bury St Edmunds and advised various men of the same village to rise up against the king and his faithful followers, ordering and commanding them to rise up under penalty of forfeiting life and limb. And furthermore, they say that he is a messenger of a great company and was sent to the town of Bury St Edmunds to make the people of that town rise up. Because of this he has been arrested, and brought before the justices by the sheriff, it was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid, and George before the said justices freely and without force admits and upholds well and clear all felonies and treasons he was charged with. Judgement is therefore given that George de Dounesby should be beheaded, and his head placed upon the pillory, and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). | Raising the commons: forcing others to join company,Raising the commons: other | Go to incidents page |
| 3015 | John Poter abets the death of John de Cavendyssh | Suffolk. John Poter of Somerton, fuller, accused before the aforesaid justices by John de Pole, lately chamberlain of Lord John de Cavendyssh, lately the king's chief justice, that on Friday 14th June 1381 he was at Lakenheath, and with a great force and in warlike manner he rose up against the king and the dignity of the crown, and on the same day and abovesaid year the aforesaid John Poter treacherously and feloniously in person abetted and caused other traitors and enemies of the king to kill the aforesaid Lord John de Cavendyssh. And because of this the aforesaid John Poter has been arrested, and brought before the aforesaid justices by the sheriff it was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid, he declares that he is in no way guilty, and puts himself upon the country. Therefore, it is ordered that the jurors should come and were elected with the assent of the said John Poter and the jurors say on their oath that the aforesaid John Poter of Somerton, fuller, is guilty of the felony and treason of which he is accused. Judgement is therefore given that he should be beheaded, and his head placed upon the pillory etc., and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). | Homicide: accomplice,Joining rebel company | Go to incidents page |
| 3017 | John Wryghte raises people in the liberty of Bury St Edmunds | Suffolk. John Wryghte of Bury St Edmunds was accused by the whole community of that town of being the chief rebel and leader of many men, against the king and his allegiance, throughout the liberty of the town, and of making proclamations in various villages in the aforesaid county, inciting and encouraging the people to rise against the king. Because of this he has been arrested and brought before the justices by the sheriff. It was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid, and the same John freely admits and upholds all felonies and treasons he was charged with to him. Judgement is therefore given that John Wryghte should be beheaded, and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). | Raising the commons: proclamations,Raising the commons: other | Go to incidents page |
| 3018 | Rebellion of John atte Cros | Suffolk. John atte Cros of Shelland was accused before the aforesaid justices by Robert de Hessete that on Friday 14th June 1381 and throughout the time of the rising he was a common rebel and one of the chief leaders, and made various men rise in the aforesaid county against the king and his followers. Because of this he has been arrested and brought before the justices by the sheriff. It was asked of him how he wishes to acquit himself of the charges of felony and treason aforesaid, and he declares that he is not guilty of the felonies and treasons of which he is charged. The jurors come and say on their oath that John atte Cros of Shelland is guilty of the felonies and treasons of which he has been accused. Judgement is therefore given that the aforesaid John atte Cros of Shelland should be beheaded, and his head placed upon the pillory, and that an inquiry be made into his lands and chattels. (Beheaded). | Raising the commons: other | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| John Bailly ( 9455 ) | Adam Rogges leads a company to plunder the house of William Berard (3019) | Witness | |
| William Berard ( 9456 ) | Adam Rogges leads a company to plunder the house of William Berard (3019) | Victim | |
| Adam Rogges ( 9454 ) | Adam Rogges leads a company to plunder the house of William Berard (3019) | Accused | Beheaded |
| George de Dounesby ( 9449 ) | George de Dounesby raises up the people of Bury St Edmunds (3016) | Accused | Beheaded |
| John Osebern ( 9450 ) | George de Dounesby raises up the people of Bury St Edmunds (3016) | Witness | |
| John de Cavendyssh ( 9447 ) | John Poter abets the death of John de Cavendyssh (3015) | Victim | |
| John de Pole ( 9446 ) | John Poter abets the death of John de Cavendyssh (3015) | Witness | |
| John Poter ( 9445 ) | John Poter abets the death of John de Cavendyssh (3015) | Accused | Beheaded |
| John Wryghte ( 9451 ) | John Wryghte raises people in the liberty of Bury St Edmunds (3017) | Accused | Beheaded |
| John Cros ( 9452 ) | Rebellion of John atte Cros (3018) | Accused | Beheaded |
| Robert de Hessete ( 9453 ) | Rebellion of John atte Cros (3018) | Witness |
