The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Private prosecution |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA CP 40/486 m. 219 |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Essex |
| Text in Original Language | Essex. Iohannes Smawedon de Depden Radulphus atte Holte de Depeden Rogerus Makehayt de Depeden Iohannes Makehayt de Depeden et Henricus atte Holte de Depeden attachiati fuerunt ad respondendum Iohanne Comitisse Hereford' de placito quare ipse simul cum Iohanne Freman de Depeden Reginaldo Wenden de Depeden Iohanne Person de Depeden Iohanne Dod de Depeden Iohanne Overal de Depeden et Iohanne Riche de Depeden vi et armis clausum et domos ipsius Comitisse apud Depeden fregerunt et bona et catalla sua ad valenciam sexaginta librarum ibidem inuenta ceperunt et asportauerunt et cartas scripta rotulos et alia munimenta sua ibidem inuenta combusserunt et alia enormia ei intulerunt ad graue dampnum ipsius Comitisse et contra pacem regis et co. Et vnde eadem Comitisse per Iohannem de Bretton attornatum suum queritur quod predicti Iohannes Smawedon Radulphus Rogerus Iohannes Makehayt et Henricus simul et co. die dominica proxima post festum Corporis Christi anno regni domini regis nunc quarto vi et armis scilicet gladiis arcubus et sagittis clausum et domos ipsius Comitisse apud Depeden fregerunt et bona et catalla sua videlicet frumentum ordeum fabas pisas et auenas et alia vasa euea et lignea et pannos lineos et laneos et diuersa iocalia ad valenciam et co. ibidem inuenta ceperunt et asportauerunt et cartas videlicet centum cartas virtute quarum ipsa tenet manerium predictum et plura alia diuersa terras et tenementa in comitatu predicto ac decem scripta per que diuersi homines eidem Comitisse in diuersis pecuniarum summis obligati fuerunt rota et rotulos curiae ac alia munimenta videlicet diuersos libros et rotulos ac rentalia in quibus opera et custume et consuetudines ad manerium suum de Depeden et alia maneria et tenementa sua in comitatu predicto debita pertinencia ac quantitatis et parcelle terrarum et tenementorum maneriorum predictorum separatim scripta specificata et declarata fuerunt ibidem inuenta combusserunt et alia enormia et co ad graue dampnum et co contra pacem et co vnde dicit quod deteriorata est et dampnum habet ad valenciam mille librarum. Et inde producit sectam. Et predicti Iohannes Smaweden Radulphus Rogerus Iohannes Makehayt et Henricus per Radulphum Beneyt attornatum suum venerunt. Et defenderunt vim et iniuriam quando et co. Et dicunt quod ipsi in nullo sunt culpabilies de transgressione predicta prout predicta Comitissa superius versus eos queritur. Et de hoc ponunt se super patriam. Et predicta Comitissa similiter. Ideo preceptum est vicecomiti quod venire facias hic in octabis Sancti Michaelis xij et co ad recognoscendum in forma predicta et co. Ad quem diem venerunt partes et co. Et vicecomes non misit breuem. Ideo preceptum est vicecomiti sicut prius quod venire facias hic a die sancti Hilarii in xv die et co. ad recognoscendum in forma predicta et co. Et vicecomes non misit breuem. Ideo preceptum est vicecomiti sicut pluries quod venire facias hic in octabis sancte Trinitatis et co. ad recognoscendum in forma predicta et co. Eadem Comitissa per predictum attornatum suum optulit se quarto die versus predictum Iohannem Freman et omnes alias qui modo non comparent de predicto placito. Et ipsi non venerunt. Et preceptum fuit vicecomiti quod attachieret eos et co. Et vicecomes modo mandat quod nichil habent et co. Ideo preceptum est vicecomiti quod capiat eos si et co. Et saluo et co. Ita quod habeat corpora eos hic ad prefatum terminum et co. Et vnde et co. |
| Text (English translation) | Essex. John Smawedon of Debden, Ralph atte Holte of Debden, Roger Makehayt of Debden, John Makehayt of Debden and Henry atte Holte of Debden attached to answer Joan, Countess of Hereford, on a plea that together with John Freman of Debden, Reginald Wenden of Debden, John Person of Debden, John Dod of Debden, John Overal of Debden, and John Riche of Debden with force and arms they broke the close and houses of the said Countess at Debden and took goods and chattels found there worth £60 and burnt writings, rolls and other mumiments belonging to her found there. And the said Countess by John de Bretton her attorney complains that on 16 June 1381 with force and arms, namely swords, bows and arrows the said John Smawedon, Ralph, Roger, John Makehayt and Henry broke the close and houses of the said Countess at Debden and took and carried away goods and chattels found there, namely wheat, barley, beans, peas and oats, metal and wooden vessels, and woollen and linen cloth and various valuables to the value et co. and burnt charters, namely 100 charters by virtue of which the Countess held the said manor and many other various lands and tenements in the said county and 10 writings by which various men were bound to the Countess for divers sums of money, rotas and court rolls and other muniments namely books and rolls with rentals in which works and customs and uses owed pertaining to the manor of Debden and other manors and tenements of the Countess together with the quantities and parcels of land and tenements of the said manors were separately written and declared. The said John Smaweden, Ralph, Roger, John Makehayt and Henry appear by Ralph Beneyt their attorney abnd say they are not guilty and place themselves on the country. The Countess likewise. Sheriff ordered to summon jurors for the octave of Michaelmas 1383. And the sheriff does not return the writ. Therefore sheriff as before ordered to summon jurors for quindene of Hilary 1384. And the sheriff does not return the writ. Therefore sheriff, as many times before, ordered to summon jurors for octave of Trinity 1384. The said Countess by her attorney appears against John Freman and all the others who did not now appear to answer the said plea. They do not come. Sherff ordered to attach them. And sheriff returns that they have nothing. Therefore sheriff ordered to arrest them and have them in court at the said time. |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6986 | Ralph | Beneyt | Male | Attorney | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6979 | John | de Bretton | Male | Attorney | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6983 | John | Dod | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6980 | John | Freman | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6978 | Henry | atte Holte | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6975 | Ralph | atte Holte | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6977 | John | Makehayt | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6976 | Roger | Makehayt | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6984 | John | Overal | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6982 | John | Person | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6985 | John | Riche | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6974 | John | Smawedon | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page | ||
| 6981 | Reginald | Wenden | Male | Debden,Essex | 2782 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2782 | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. | Close and houses of the Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels worth £60 taken and carried away. 100 charters by which the Countess held Debden and other properties in Essex, 10 obligation, court rolls and rentals burnt. | Arson: burning of documents,Larceny: theft of goods,Trespass to land: forcible entry of close and houses,Trespass to chattels: removal of goods | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ralph Beneyt ( 6986 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| Joan de Bohun ( 17686 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Victim | |
| John de Bretton ( 6979 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Attorney | |
| John Dod ( 6983 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| John Freman ( 6980 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| Henry atte Holte ( 6978 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| Ralph atte Holte ( 6975 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| John Makehayt ( 6977 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| Roger Makehayt ( 6976 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| John Overal ( 6984 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| John Person ( 6982 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| John Riche ( 6985 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| John Smawedon ( 6974 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused | |
| Reginald Wenden ( 6981 ) | Close and houses of Countess of Hereford at Debden broken. Goods and chattels taken and charters, writings and rolls burnt. (2782) | Accused |
