The People of 1381
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Source
| Type | Indictment by jury |
| Unique Identifying Text | TNA KB 27/483 rex m. 15d |
| Archive name | The National Archives (London) |
| County | Middlesex |
| Text in Original Language | Midd. Iurati diuersorum hundredorum comitatus predicti alias scilicet termino sancti Michaelis anno regni regis nunc quinto coram domino rege apud Westmonasterium presentauerunt quod Nicholas Wyttele de London die veneris proxima post festum Corporis Christi anno regni regis Ricardi Secundi quarto vi et armis cum aliis insurrectoribus hominibus comitatuum Essex et Kanc' et cum vexillo aperte intrauit in Abbathiam de Grace in comitatu Midd' et cogit dictum Abbatem mittere vnum monachum cum eo ad London' ad seisinam dandam in diuersis tenementis dictorum Abbathis et conuentus et co. |
| Text (English translation) | Middlesex A jury of various hundreds of the aforesaid county, in this same term before the lord king at Westminster, presented that William Gardener of Westminster, formerly the servant of John, duke of Lancaster, was a principal insurgent with other traitors of the lord king's, and he rose up against the same king and his faithful lieges on the Thursday on the feast of Corpus Christi in the fourth year of the reign of King Richard, the second after the conquest, and he feloniously and treacherously burnt the aforesaid duke's houses at the Savoy in the county of Middlesex, and the houses and church of St John of Jerusalem in England at Smithfield. On account of which the sheriff was ordered to seize him if etc. And now, namely on the Saturday following the feast of the Purification of the Blessed Mary the aforesaid William Gardiner appeared before the lord king at Westminster, led by the sheriffs of London, by virtue of the lord king's writ addressed to the same sheriffs; and he is handed over to the marshal. And immediately, led by the marshal, he appears and is asked how he wishes to acquit himself of the aforesaid felonies and treasons. He says that he is in no way guilty of them, and on this he puts himself on the country for good and evil. Therefore a jury is to appear before the lord king at Westminster on this, on the Monday immediately following. And who etc., to investigate etc. And in the meantime the aforesaid William Gardyner is sent back to prison in the custody of the marshal etc. On which Monday the aforesaid William Gardiner appears before the lord king at Westminster, in the custody of the marshal. And the jurors likewise appears who, chosen, assessed and sworn for this, say on their oath that the aforesaid William Gardiner is in no way guilty of the aforesaid felonies and treasons, nor did he withdraw himself for these reasons. Therefore he is to go from here quit etc. Middlesex. Jurors presented in Michaelmas term 5 Richard II [1381] in King's Bench at Westminster that Nicholas Wyttele of London on 14 June 1381 with rebels of Kent and Essex and with a banner displayed entered the Abbey of St Mary Graces in the county of Middlesex and forced the Abbot to send one of the monks with him to London to give possession of divers lands of the said Abbot and monastery. Wyttele appears and produces a pardon granted at the supplication of Queen Anne, dated 1 February 1382. Pledges for good behaviour: Nicholas Leche of London, Richard Morel of London, Wlliam Bakere 'wollemongere' and Nicholas Misterton. Goes sine die. |
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People
| ID | First name | Last name | Gender | Occupation | Domicile | Role in source | Incidents | Go to participant page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5724 | William | Bakere | Male | Woolmonger | London | 2511 | Go to participant page | |
| 25597 | William | Gardener | Male | Servant | Westminster,Middlesex | 4368 | Go to participant page | |
| 5722 | Nicholas | Leche | Male | London | 2511 | Go to participant page | ||
| 5725 | Nicholas | Misterton | Male | 2511 | Go to participant page | |||
| 5723 | Richard | Morel | Male | London | 2511 | Go to participant page | ||
| 5720 | Nicholas | Wyttele | Male | 2511 | Go to participant page |
Incidents
| ID | Summary | Description | Type | Go to incidents page |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2511 | Attack on Abbey of St Mary Graces, 14 June 1381 | Nicholas Wyttele with rebels from Kent and Essex entered Abbey of St Mary Graces in Middlesex and forced the abbot to send one of the monks with him to London to give him possession of divers lands of the said Abbot and monastery. | Go to incidents page | |
| 4368 | William Gardener burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John | William Gardener of Westminster, formerly the servant of John, duke of Lancaster, was a principal insurgent with other traitors of the lord king's, and he rose up against the same king and his faithful lieges on the Thursday on the feast of Corpus Christi in the fourth year of the reign of King Richard, the second after the conquest, and he feloniously and treacherously burnt the aforesaid duke's houses at the Savoy in the county of Middlesex, and the houses and church of St John of Jerusalem in England at Smithfield. He pleads not guilty; acquitted. | Arson: burning of houses | Go to incidents page |
Incidents and People
| Person | Incident | Role | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| William Bakere ( 5724 ) | Attack on Abbey of St Mary Graces, 14 June 1381 (2511) | Pledge | |
| Anne of Bohemia ( 5717 ) | Attack on Abbey of St Mary Graces, 14 June 1381 (2511) | Pardon at their request | |
| Nicholas Leche ( 5722 ) | Attack on Abbey of St Mary Graces, 14 June 1381 (2511) | Pledge | |
| Nicholas Misterton ( 5725 ) | Attack on Abbey of St Mary Graces, 14 June 1381 (2511) | Pledge | |
| Richard Morel ( 5723 ) | Attack on Abbey of St Mary Graces, 14 June 1381 (2511) | Pledge | |
| Nicholas Wyttele ( 5720 ) | Attack on Abbey of St Mary Graces, 14 June 1381 (2511) | Accused | |
| William Gardener ( 25597 ) | William Gardener burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4368) | Accused | |
| John of Gaunt ( 5695 ) | William Gardener burns the Savoy and the Hospital of St John (4368) | Victim |
